發布時間：2025-02-02
2024年(nian)(nian)1月24日，國(guo)務院國(guo)資(zi)委相關負責(ze)同(tong)志(zhi)出席國(guo)新(xin)辦(ban)新(xin)聞發布(bu)會(hui)并介(jie)紹國(guo)企(qi)改(gai)革(ge)(ge)(ge)有關情況(kuang)。2023年(nian)(nian)，國(guo)資(zi)央(yang)(yang)企(qi)堅(jian)決貫徹黨的(de)二十大精神，落實(shi)中央(yang)(yang)經濟工作會(hui)議部署，深(shen)化國(guo)企(qi)改(gai)革(ge)(ge)(ge)取得(de)顯(xian)著成效(xiao)。2024年(nian)(nian)，要(yao)深(shen)入實(shi)施(shi)國(guo)有企(qi)業改(gai)革(ge)(ge)(ge)深(shen)化提升行動，聚焦國(guo)之大者(zhe)、圍(wei)繞國(guo)之所需(xu)，著力(li)增(zeng)強核心(xin)功能和提高(gao)核心(xin)競爭力(li)，更加突(tu)出改(gai)革(ge)(ge)(ge)推動高(gao)質量發展的(de)作用。
一、制度供給促高水平科技自立自強
科(ke)技創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)既(ji)是提(ti)高企(qi)業(ye)核(he)心(xin)(xin)競爭力(li)的關鍵變量，更是增強(qiang)(qiang)企(qi)業(ye)核(he)心(xin)(xin)功(gong)能的重(zhong)要保障(zhang)。國(guo)有(you)企(qi)業(ye)改革深化(hua)(hua)提(ti)升行(xing)(xing)動中(zhong)(zhong)，國(guo)務院國(guo)資(zi)委優(you)化(hua)(hua)科(ke)技體制(zhi)(zhi)機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)，加大政策(ce)供給力(li)度，推動中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)業(ye)加快提(ti)升自主創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)能力(li)、服務國(guo)家重(zhong)大戰略。系統優(you)化(hua)(hua)創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)生態，印發一攬子支(zhi)持政策(ce)，強(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)(hua)科(ke)技創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)分類(lei)考核(he)力(li)度，有(you)效提(ti)升國(guo)有(you)企(qi)業(ye)科(ke)技創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)意愿。2023年，中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)業(ye)研發經費投入1.1萬(wan)億元(yuan)，連(lian)續兩年破萬(wan)億，內生創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)動力(li)不斷(duan)加強(qiang)(qiang)。加快關鍵核(he)心(xin)(xin)技術(shu)攻關，扎(zha)實推進原創(chuang)技術(shu)策(ce)源地(di)建(jian)設，取(qu)得中(zhong)(zhong)核(he)集團四代(dai)核(he)電技術(shu)快堆(dui)示范工程建(jian)成(cheng)投運、中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)船舶國(guo)產大型郵輪(lun)命(ming)名(ming)交付、中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)電科(ke)研發國(guo)際(ji)領(ling)先的類(lei)腦異(yi)構(gou)融合(he)架構(gou)等一系列標志性(xing)成(cheng)果。深化(hua)(hua)創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)協同(tong)合(he)作(zuo)，全方位踐行(xing)(xing)新(xin)(xin)型舉國(guo)體制(zhi)(zhi)，優(you)化(hua)(hua)企(qi)業(ye)創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)體制(zhi)(zhi)機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)，進一步強(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)(hua)企(qi)業(ye)創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)主體地(di)位，更加注重(zhong)科(ke)技產出效率。
持續(xu)扎(zha)實推(tui)進新(xin)一(yi)輪國企(qi)改(gai)革，要(yao)堅定不移加(jia)(jia)大(da)(da)中(zhong)央企(qi)業創新(xin)支持力度，推(tui)動資(zi)源(yuan)投(tou)入、主業培育(yu)、人才激勵等方 “頂格”“管用”“解渴”的政策落實落地(di)。要(yao)持續(xu)加(jia)(jia)大(da)(da)原創技(ji)術(shu)策源(yuan)地(di)建(jian)設，推(tui)動一(yi)批基礎性(xing)(xing)(xing)、緊迫性(xing)(xing)(xing)、前(qian)沿性(xing)(xing)(xing)、顛覆性(xing)(xing)(xing)技(ji)術(shu)成果陸續(xu)產出(chu)。要(yao)更加(jia)(jia)突出(chu)協同創新(xin)這(zhe)一(yi)有(you)效(xiao)路(lu)徑，推(tui)動中(zhong)央企(qi)業更深(shen)融(rong)入國家創新(xin)體(ti)系(xi)，主動融(rong)入全球創新(xin)體(ti)系(xi)，深(shen)化開(kai)放協同，形(xing)成共同推(tui)進策源(yuan)地(di)建(jian)設的強大(da)(da)合力。
二、優化結構促現代化產業體系建設
國有(you)(you)經(jing)濟有(you)(you)著特殊的(de)功能(neng)定位(wei)，聚焦戰(zhan)略(lve)(lve)(lve)安(an)全(quan)(quan)、產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)引領、國計民(min)生(sheng)、公(gong)共服務(wu)(wu)等核心功能(neng)的(de)使命(ming)方向，助力構建(jian)新(xin)發展(zhan)格局(ju)、建(jian)設現代化產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)體系(xi)。國有(you)(you)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)改革深化提升行(xing)(xing)(xing)動(dong)(dong)(dong)中，國務(wu)(wu)院國資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)委推(tui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)國有(you)(you)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)不(bu)斷向關(guan)系(xi)國家安(an)全(quan)(quan)、國民(min)經(jing)濟命(ming)脈的(de)重(zhong)要行(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)關(guan)鍵領域，向關(guan)系(xi)國計民(min)生(sheng)的(de)公(gong)共服務(wu)(wu)、應急能(neng)力、公(gong)益性(xing)(xing)(xing)等領域，向前瞻(zhan)性(xing)(xing)(xing)戰(zhan)略(lve)(lve)(lve)性(xing)(xing)(xing)新(xin)興(xing)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)實(shi)現“三個(ge)集(ji)中”，深入推(tui)進布局(ju)優化和(he)結構調(diao)整，加快傳統產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)升級轉(zhuan)型，在培育戰(zhan)略(lve)(lve)(lve)性(xing)(xing)(xing)新(xin)興(xing)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)未來(lai)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)上(shang)占據主(zhu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)。大(da)力培育戰(zhan)略(lve)(lve)(lve)性(xing)(xing)(xing)新(xin)興(xing)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)未來(lai)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，啟動(dong)(dong)(dong)戰(zhan)略(lve)(lve)(lve)性(xing)(xing)(xing)新(xin)興(xing)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)煥新(xin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)動(dong)(dong)(dong)和(he)未來(lai)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)啟航(hang)行(xing)(xing)(xing)動(dong)(dong)(dong)，2023年(nian)(nian)中央(yang)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)戰(zhan)略(lve)(lve)(lve)性(xing)(xing)(xing)新(xin)興(xing)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)投資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)2.18萬億元，同比(bi)增長32.1%。持(chi)續推(tui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)傳統產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)轉(zhuan)型升級，2023年(nian)(nian)中央(yang)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)遴選91個(ge)綠色低碳先進技術示范(fan)項目(mu)(mu)，107戶企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)列為國有(you)(you)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)數字化轉(zhuan)型行(xing)(xing)(xing)動(dong)(dong)(dong)試點(dian)，117個(ge)智能(neng)工廠、304個(ge)優秀場景入選國家智能(neng)制造試點(dian)示范(fan)項目(mu)(mu)，起到引領帶動(dong)(dong)(dong)示范(fan)效(xiao)用。加大(da)戰(zhan)略(lve)(lve)(lve)性(xing)(xing)(xing)重(zhong)組和(he)專業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化整合工作力度，不(bu)斷聚焦主(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)實(shi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，更加注重(zhong)做(zuo)強和(he)做(zuo)專，提升資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)源配置(zhi)效(xiao)率，推(tui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)國有(you)(you)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)合理流動(dong)(dong)(dong)和(he)優化配置(zhi)，從整體上(shang)增強服務(wu)(wu)國家戰(zhan)略(lve)(lve)(lve)的(de)能(neng)力，夯(hang)實(shi)國民(min)經(jing)濟發展(zhan)底盤。
持(chi)(chi)續扎(zha)實(shi)推(tui)進(jin)新(xin)(xin)一輪國企改革，要深入實(shi)施中央(yang)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)煥新(xin)(xin)行(xing)動，聚焦轉型(xing)、投入、創新(xin)(xin)、協同等方面發力，進(jin)一步提(ti)升(sheng)戰略(lve)性(xing)新(xin)(xin)興產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)營收占(zhan)比(bi)。扎(zha)實(shi)推(tui)進(jin)未來產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)啟航行(xing)動，聚焦“未來技術產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)、重(zhong)點領域未來化(hua)(hua)”加(jia)快培育具有代表(biao)性(xing)的企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、突破關鍵技術、形成標志性(xing)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品。要開展(zhan)人工智能AI+專項行(xing)動、實(shi)施制(zhi)造業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)重(zhong)點產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈高質量發展(zhan)行(xing)動，加(jia)快傳統(tong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)數字化(hua)(hua)、綠色(se)化(hua)(hua)轉型(xing)，持(chi)(chi)續提(ti)升(sheng)傳統(tong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)效率效益。要先(xian)立后破，從全局“一盤棋”考量重(zhong)組整(zheng)合(he)工作，持(chi)(chi)續突出服務國家戰略(lve)，穩(wen)妥實(shi)施戰略(lve)性(xing)重(zhong)組和新(xin)(xin)央(yang)企組建(jian)，聚焦戰略(lve)性(xing)新(xin)(xin)興產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發展(zhan)大力推(tui)進(jin)專業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)整(zheng)合(he)。
三、市場化機制促企業活力效率提升
國(guo)(guo)有企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)提(ti)高(gao)核(he)(he)(he)心競爭力(li)，既(ji)要(yao)有經得起(qi)時間考驗的關鍵核(he)(he)(he)心技術，又要(yao)把(ba)握人才(cai)這個(ge)核(he)(he)(he)心要(yao)素、品牌這個(ge)無形(xing)資(zi)產，不斷深化(hua)(hua)(hua)公司治理和(he)(he)市(shi)場(chang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)經營(ying)機制(zhi)改(gai)革(ge)，增強(qiang)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)內生活力(li)動(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)。國(guo)(guo)有企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)改(gai)革(ge)深化(hua)(hua)(hua)提(ti)升行(xing)動(dong)(dong)(dong)中，國(guo)(guo)務(wu)院國(guo)(guo)資(zi)委在國(guo)(guo)企(qi)改(gai)革(ge)三年行(xing)動(dong)(dong)(dong)的成果(guo)之上(shang)，不斷鞏固深化(hua)(hua)(hua)中國(guo)(guo)特(te)色(se)國(guo)(guo)有企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)現(xian)代(dai)公司治理與市(shi)場(chang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)經營(ying)機制(zhi)改(gai)革(ge)，緊抓重(zhong)點任務(wu)，力(li)求(qiu)改(gai)革(ge)實(shi)(shi)效。扎實(shi)(shi)推進中國(guo)(guo)特(te)色(se)現(xian)代(dai)公司治理取(qu)得新(xin)成效，貫徹新(xin)《公司法》規定，不斷增強(qiang)實(shi)(shi)質(zhi)性(xing)(xing)改(gai)革(ge)和(he)(he)探索，分類優化(hua)(hua)(hua)黨(dang)委（黨(dang)組）“前置(zhi)事(shi)項(xiang)清單”，進一(yi)(yi)(yi)步厘清各治理主體間權(quan)責(ze)，強(qiang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)董(dong)(dong)事(shi)會建(jian)設并持(chi)續向子企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)拓展，進一(yi)(yi)(yi)步完善外部董(dong)(dong)事(shi)履(lv)職評價和(he)(he)考核(he)(he)(he)，提(ti)升董(dong)(dong)事(shi)會規范運作水平(ping)。持(chi)續深化(hua)(hua)(hua)三項(xiang)制(zhi)度改(gai)革(ge)。中央(yang)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)負責(ze)人經營(ying)業(ye)(ye)(ye)績考核(he)(he)(he)辦法更(geng)加(jia)突(tu)出“一(yi)(yi)(yi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)一(yi)(yi)(yi)策(ce)”“一(yi)(yi)(yi)企(qi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)策(ce)”差異化(hua)(hua)(hua)考核(he)(he)(he)，引導企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)更(geng)加(jia)圍繞核(he)(he)(he)心功能，關注核(he)(he)(he)心問題，實(shi)(shi)現(xian)高(gao)質(zhi)量發展。強(qiang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)經理層任期制(zhi)和(he)(he)契約化(hua)(hua)(hua)管理剛性(xing)(xing)兌現(xian)。緊抓重(zhong)點領域開展專項(xiang)行(xing)動(dong)(dong)(dong)，開展提(ti)高(gao)央(yang)企(qi)控股上(shang)市(shi)公司質(zhi)量專項(xiang)行(xing)動(dong)(dong)(dong)、品牌引領行(xing)動(dong)(dong)(dong)、世界(jie)一(yi)(yi)(yi)流“雙示范”創建(jian)行(xing)動(dong)(dong)(dong)和(he)(he)對標(biao)一(yi)(yi)(yi)流管理提(ti)升行(xing)動(dong)(dong)(dong)，推動(dong)(dong)(dong)“科(ke)改(gai)行(xing)動(dong)(dong)(dong)”“雙百(bai)行(xing)動(dong)(dong)(dong)”擴圍深化(hua)(hua)(hua)。
持續(xu)扎實推(tui)(tui)進新一(yi)輪國(guo)企改革，要(yao)分(fen)層分(fen)類動(dong)(dong)態優化黨委（黨組）“前置事項清單(dan)”，采取針對性措施，提升外(wai)部董事專業(ye)素質(zhi)(zhi)和(he)履(lv)職能(neng)力(li)。要(yao)著力(li)推(tui)(tui)進任期制和(he)契約化管(guan)理工作提質(zhi)(zhi)擴(kuo)面，強化企業(ye)內部薪酬(chou)分(fen)配監管(guan)。要(yao)圍繞重點領域(yu)，持續(xu)推(tui)(tui)動(dong)(dong)建設世界一(yi)流企業(ye)相關工作，增強央企控股上市(shi)公司(si)市(shi)場價值(zhi)實現(xian)能(neng)力(li)，不斷提升國(guo)有企業(ye)品牌價值(zhi)，推(tui)(tui)動(dong)(dong)國(guo)資央企主(zhu)動(dong)(dong)積極服務國(guo)家區域(yu)戰(zhan)略(lve)。
四、加強黨建促政治優勢發揮
堅持黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)導、加強(qiang)(qiang)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)建(jian)設是(shi)我國(guo)(guo)(guo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)最大的(de)體(ti)制(zhi)優勢(shi)，是(shi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)“根”和“魂”。國(guo)(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)改(gai)革深化(hua)(hua)提(ti)(ti)升行動(dong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，國(guo)(guo)(guo)務(wu)院國(guo)(guo)(guo)資委強(qiang)(qiang)調全(quan)面加強(qiang)(qiang)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)導和黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)建(jian)設，要(yao)全(quan)面、系統(tong)、整(zheng)體(ti)地(di)把堅持黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)集(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)統(tong)一(yi)領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)導落實(shi)到(dao)位，以(yi)高質(zhi)量黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)建(jian)引(yin)領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)保障高質(zhi)量發(fa)展。思想引(yin)領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)不斷強(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)(hua)，深入開展主題教(jiao)育(yu)，圍(wei)繞黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)創新(xin)理(li)開展大學習大討論，強(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)(hua)培訓教(jiao)育(yu)，深入一(yi)線調研。2023年(nian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)二(er)級(ji)子企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)以(yi)上(shang)領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)導班(ban)子2.3萬(wan)余人接受培訓，保障中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)更全(quan)面、系統(tong)、整(zheng)體(ti)、準確領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)會中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)精(jing)神(shen)，把制(zhi)度優勢(shi)更好轉化(hua)(hua)為治(zhi)理(li)效能(neng)。基(ji)層黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)建(jian)提(ti)(ti)質(zhi)增效，加快創建(jian)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)員責(ze)任區、示范崗、先鋒隊，進(jin)(jin)一(yi)步發(fa)揮(hui)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)支(zhi)部的(de)基(ji)層堡壘(lei)作(zuo)用(yong)和黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)員的(de)帶頭(tou)示范作(zuo)用(yong)，在服務(wu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家重大戰略、攻(gong)克“卡脖子”難題、抗險救災中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)勇挑重擔(dan)，敢打頭(tou)陣。人才(cai)隊伍更加充實(shi)，實(shi)施“百-萬(wan)-百萬(wan)”科(ke)技人才(cai)培養(yang)工程，2023年(nian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)新(xin)當選院士(shi)14人，在職院士(shi)達到(dao)93人。深化(hua)(hua)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)青年(nian)精(jing)神(shen)素養(yang)提(ti)(ti)升工程，產(chan)學研、上(shang)下(xia)游(you)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)建(jian)聯建(jian)共建(jian)深入推進(jin)(jin)。干(gan)事創業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)風氣更清(qing)朗(lang)，深化(hua)(hua)巡視整(zheng)改(gai)，強(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)(hua)對“一(yi)把手”和領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)導班(ban)子的(de)監督(du)，持續鞏固(gu)風清(qing)氣正的(de)政治(zhi)生(sheng)態。
持續(xu)扎(zha)實(shi)推進新一輪國(guo)企(qi)(qi)改革(ge)，要全(quan)面系統(tong)提升黨建質(zhi)效，把(ba)堅決做到“兩(liang)個維護”體(ti)現在貫徹(che)黨中央(yang)決策部署行動上。要深入落(luo)實(shi)基(ji)層黨建“七抓(zhua)”工程(cheng)，開展(zhan)中央(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)普通黨員集中學習質(zhi)量提升行動。要做好企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)領導人員選育留用(yong)工作，支持企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)家敢試(shi)敢闖，持續(xu)建設中央(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)人才高地。
2024年是國(guo)(guo)有(you)企(qi)(qi)業改(gai)革深化提升行動(dong)的攻(gong)堅之年，要(yao)進一步圍繞與國(guo)(guo)有(you)企(qi)(qi)業地(di)位作(zuo)用相匹配、與國(guo)(guo)有(you)經濟(ji)布(bu)局(ju)結構相適應、與黨和國(guo)(guo)家事業需要(yao)相契合的國(guo)(guo)有(you)企(qi)(qi)業核(he)心(xin)功能，進一步圍繞創(chuang)新、效率、人才、品牌所體現(xian)的國(guo)(guo)有(you)企(qi)(qi)業核(he)心(xin)競爭力，持續深化改(gai)革，推(tui)動(dong)國(guo)(guo)有(you)企(qi)(qi)業實現(xian)高(gao)質量發(fa)展。
（作者為國務院(yuan)國資委(wei)研究中心企業改革研究處 李寒湜 楊瀟瀅）
【責任(ren)編輯(ji)：石運來】