文(wen)章來源:中國中化控股有限責任公司 發布時間:2023-08-02
中種(zhong)(zhong)農業科技(ji)(廣(guang)州)有(you)限公(gong)司是(shi)中國(guo)中化下(xia)屬先正達集團中國(guo)水稻(dao)種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)業務單元,是(shi)中國(guo)種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)集團有(you)限公(gong)司全資(zi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)公(gong)司,經(jing)營(ying)范圍包括農作(zuo)(zuo)物(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)生(sheng)(sheng)產經(jing)營(ying);農業科學研(yan)究(jiu)和(he)試(shi)驗(yan)發展(zhan);農作(zuo)(zuo)物(wu)栽培(pei)服(fu)務;農產品的生(sheng)(sheng)產、銷售、加工、運輸、貯藏及其他相關(guan)服(fu)務;農作(zuo)(zuo)物(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)質量檢驗(yan);轉基因(yin)農作(zuo)(zuo)物(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)生(sheng)(sheng)產等。近年來,企業經(jing)營(ying)狀態良好,公(gong)司業務快速發展(zhan),每年銷售種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)約500萬公(gong)斤左右,種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)主(zhu)要(yao)來源于合約制種(zhong)(zhong)商。
基于(yu)對半成品種子(zi)(zi)的采(cai)(cai)購需求,中(zhong)種農業科技以供(gong)(gong)應鏈融通模(mo)式,為中(zhong)小企業提(ti)供(gong)(gong)采(cai)(cai)購訂單、合作進(jin)行種子(zi)(zi)生產(chan)(chan)研(yan)究,并指導制(zhi)種商改(gai)進(jin)其生產(chan)(chan)加(jia)工流程,提(ti)升其質量管理(li)意識,建(jian)立標(biao)準的種子(zi)(zi)生產(chan)(chan)體系,帶動(dong)行業發展。
作為(wei)種子(zi)生產經營(ying)的龍頭企(qi)業(ye),中種農業(ye)科技在(zai)完成自己經營(ying)目標的同時(shi),以促進(jin)大(da)中小(xiao)企(qi)業(ye)融通創新,帶動整個行業(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)為(wei)己任(ren)。不(bu)僅(jin)是采購合約制種商的半成品種子(zi),更要幫助中小(xiao)企(qi)業(ye)協同發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)。
提供采購訂單。2021年,中(zhong)種(zhong)農(nong)業科技公(gong)司采購(gou)水(shui)稻半成(cheng)品(pin)種(zhong)子約400萬(wan)(wan)公(gong)斤,全(quan)部由合約制(zhi)(zhi)種(zhong)商(shang)(shang)訂(ding)單供應,2022年,中(zhong)種(zhong)農(nong)業科技與全(quan)國(guo)40多(duo)位制(zhi)(zhi)種(zhong)商(shang)(shang)合作,達成(cheng)水(shui)稻半成(cheng)品(pin)采購(gou)訂(ding)單500萬(wan)(wan)公(gong)斤以上。通過(guo)采購(gou)訂(ding)單,讓制(zhi)(zhi)種(zhong)商(shang)(shang)不用擔心生產(chan)出來的半成(cheng)品(pin)種(zhong)子的銷售問題(ti),同時(shi)也為公(gong)司自身的種(zhong)子供應提供了保障。
推行種子生產技術研究。從上世紀70年(nian)代三(san)系(xi)配(pei)套成(cheng)功開(kai)始,水(shui)(shui)稻種(zhong)(zhong)植畝(mu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)年(nian)年(nian)攀升,而(er)水(shui)(shui)稻制(zhi)(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)量卻(que)只(zhi)在(zai)(zai)100-150Kg徘徊,有極個(ge)別(bie)的(de)(de)品種(zhong)(zhong)可(ke)以(yi)達到200Kg以(yi)上水(shui)(shui)平,但是不能(neng)在(zai)(zai)整個(ge)行業(ye)進行“復制(zhi)(zhi)”推廣(guang)。另外,中國(guo)水(shui)(shui)稻制(zhi)(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)目前主要集中在(zai)(zai)四川、貴(gui)州、湖(hu)南、江西、福建、江蘇(su)、廣(guang)東(dong)、廣(guang)西、海南等(deng)10多個(ge)省(sheng)份(fen),區(qu)域(yu)分布廣(guang),生(sheng)態氣(qi)候(hou)各異,栽(zai)培習慣,管理水(shui)(shui)平,各地(di)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)條件都有很大的(de)(de)差別(bie),無法在(zai)(zai)大規模(mo)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)時(shi),將“高(gao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)技(ji)術(shu)”復制(zhi)(zhi)。因此,針對單(dan)(dan)個(ge)品種(zhong)(zhong)找到最(zui)佳(jia)生(sheng)態區(qu)域(yu),配(pei)合(he)最(zui)佳(jia)的(de)(de)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)技(ji)術(shu)方案,才能(neng)將制(zhi)(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)量提高(gao)。2021年(nian)-2022年(nian),中種(zhong)(zhong)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)科技(ji)公司在(zai)(zai)全國(guo)與19家制(zhi)(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)單(dan)(dan)位合(he)作開(kai)展種(zhong)(zhong)子生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)研究(jiu),根據不同的(de)(de)生(sheng)態環境(jing)建立水(shui)(shui)稻制(zhi)(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)研究(jiu)試驗點(dian),通過“三(san)步(bu)走”(親本(ben)觀(guan)察、探(tan)索(suo)小制(zhi)(zhi)、生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)驗證(zheng))的(de)(de)策略,對公司后續新(xin)品種(zhong)(zhong)親本(ben)進行試驗,提高(gao)品種(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)可(ke)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)性、降低制(zhi)(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)商(shang)和農(nong)(nong)戶的(de)(de)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)成(cheng)本(ben)、控制(zhi)(zhi)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)風險、提高(gao)種(zhong)(zhong)子商(shang)品質量。
推廣水稻制種全程機械化。可以大(da)幅減(jian)少(shao)人(ren)工,降低(di)制種商(shang)和制種戶(hu)的生產成本約300元/畝,同(tong)時提高(gao)了種子(zi)質量。
籌建先正達集團中國水稻種子供應鏈創新中心。以(yi)(yi)前(qian)種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)生產(chan)過程(cheng)中,是農(nong)戶自己收割,自己晾曬(shai)或烘干,種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)質量參(can)差不(bu)齊,得不(bu)到(dao)保證。2022-2023年,中種(zhong)(zhong)農(nong)業(ye)科技在建寧(ning)籌建先(xian)(xian)正達集團(tuan)中國水稻種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)供(gong)應鏈(lian)創(chuang)新中心(xin),建成以(yi)(yi)后,將服務建寧(ning)縣及其周邊的(de)制種(zhong)(zhong)商(shang),種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)收獲(huo)后直接(jie)運到(dao)供(gong)應鏈(lian)創(chuang)新中心(xin)進(jin)行(xing)烘干和(he)(he)加工(gong)包裝,年加工(gong)能力可以(yi)(yi)達到(dao)1000萬公斤(jin)。標(biao)準(zhun)化的(de)田間(jian)生產(chan)和(he)(he)先(xian)(xian)進(jin)的(de)加工(gong)工(gong)藝,極大地提升了種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)質量。
通過(guo)(guo)供應鏈融(rong)合創新(xin)模式(shi)在2022年給合作(zuo)的(de)制種(zhong)商(中小(xiao)企業(ye)(ye))提供半成品種(zhong)子(zi)采購訂(ding)單約(yue)500萬公(gong)斤,并(bing)在種(zhong)子(zi)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中,通過(guo)(guo)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)技術人(ren)才全(quan)程(cheng)指導其田間生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)、收獲和(he)精選,改(gai)進(jin)和(he)優化過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)管理措施(shi),強化其質量意識,加強其質量管理,提高種(zhong)子(zi)質量,為合作(zuo)的(de)制種(zhong)商(中小(xiao)企業(ye)(ye))利用制種(zhong)全(quan)程(cheng)機械化技術,每畝節約(yue)成本300元左右(you),同時,幫助其建立從(cong)播種(zhong)、育秧(yang)、移(yi)栽、田間除雜、機械輔(fu)助授粉、父(fu)本割除、收獲、烘干到精選的(de)全(quan)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)管理標準體系,培養專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)化種(zhong)子(zi)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)人(ren)才40人(ren)。
綜合(he)來看(kan),水稻(dao)種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)生產(chan)研究是(shi)整(zheng)(zheng)個行(xing)(xing)業的(de)(de)創新(xin)之(zhi)舉,同時也是(shi)為(wei)制(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)商(shang)提供節省生產(chan)成本、降低風險(xian)的(de)(de)重(zhong)要舉措。整(zheng)(zheng)合(he)大企(qi)業的(de)(de)科研實(shi)力和中小企(qi)業的(de)(de)地理分布和人員優勢,建立從播種(zhong)(zhong)、育秧(yang)、移栽(zai)、田(tian)間除雜、機(ji)械輔助授粉、父本割除、收(shou)獲(huo)、烘干到(dao)精選的(de)(de)全過程管理標準(zhun)體系(xi),為(wei)整(zheng)(zheng)個行(xing)(xing)業發展起到(dao)很好推動作用。供應鏈創新(xin)中心的(de)(de)建立是(shi)整(zheng)(zheng)個行(xing)(xing)業的(de)(de)生產(chan)加工工藝流程的(de)(de)革新(xin)。工藝流程的(de)(de)變(bian)革為(wei)制(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)商(shang)降低成本,降低風險(xian),對提高種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)質量意義重(zhong)大。
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