文章(zhang)來(lai)源:人民網(wang) 發布時間:2018-10-22
深(shen)化供給側結構(gou)性改革,是以習(xi)近平同志為核心的(de)(de)黨(dang)(dang)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang),在(zai)正確(que)判斷國際國內經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)形勢、深(shen)刻理解經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)社會發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)規律的(de)(de)基礎上(shang),作(zuo)(zuo)出的(de)(de)重大戰略(lve)部署(shu)(shu),是適(shi)應和引領(ling)經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)新(xin)常(chang)態(tai)、根本上(shang)解決(jue)經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)運行(xing)深(shen)層次矛盾的(de)(de)關(guan)鍵舉(ju)措,對于(yu)推(tui)動我國經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)社會持續健康發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)具有重大意義。中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企業堅決(jue)貫徹落實黨(dang)(dang)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)決(jue)策部署(shu)(shu),勇于(yu)擔當,真抓(zhua)實干(gan),前三季度(du)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企業實現利(li)潤(run)總額11104.8億元,同比增長18.4%,經(jing)(jing)營業績創(chuang)下歷史(shi)最好(hao)水平,發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)質量與效(xiao)益顯(xian)著提高。中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企業在(zai)供給側結構(gou)性改革的(de)(de)推(tui)進(jin)中(zhong)(zhong)發(fa)(fa)揮帶(dai)頭表率(lv)作(zuo)(zuo)用,亮(liang)點紛呈,效(xiao)果顯(xian)著。
一、著力鋼(gang)鐵(tie)(tie)煤炭行(xing)業(ye)(ye)脫困(kun)發(fa)展,主動化(hua)(hua)解(jie)過剩(sheng)產(chan)能(neng)。按照國(guo)務院的(de)(de)總體部署,明確提(ti)出了三(san)年化(hua)(hua)解(jie)中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)鋼(gang)鐵(tie)(tie)、煤炭產(chan)能(neng)15%的(de)(de)目標(biao)(biao),指導和推(tui)動企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)利(li)用(yong)市場化(hua)(hua)方式淘汰落后產(chan)能(neng),提(ti)高供(gong)給質量(liang)。截至目前(qian)(qian),中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)累計化(hua)(hua)解(jie)鋼(gang)鐵(tie)(tie)過剩(sheng)產(chan)能(neng)1614萬噸(dun),已提(ti)前(qian)(qian)完成(cheng)分(fen)年度任(ren)務目標(biao)(biao);煤炭過剩(sheng)產(chan)能(neng)5510萬噸(dun),進展順利(li);通過組建專業(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)平臺公司整(zheng)合煤炭產(chan)能(neng)1億噸(dun),實現中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)內部資源的(de)(de)有效整(zheng)合和結構優化(hua)(hua)。4家(jia)中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)專業(ye)(ye)鋼(gang)鐵(tie)(tie)煤炭企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye),今年前(qian)(qian)三(san)季(ji)度實現利(li)潤(run)386.8億元,同比(bi)增(zeng)長130.2%,有效帶動了整(zheng)個行(xing)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)效益回升。
二(er)、著力優化市(shi)場資(zi)源(yuan)配置(zhi)(zhi),率(lv)先啟動“處(chu)(chu)僵(jiang)治(zhi)困”。國資(zi)委將“處(chu)(chu)僵(jiang)治(zhi)困”作(zuo)為化解過剩產能(neng)的牛鼻(bi)子,2016年在(zai)對全(quan)部(bu)中央企業開展摸底排查(cha)的基礎上,確定(ding)2041戶僵(jiang)尸(shi)特(te)困企業,逐戶簽訂責任書,通過清單式管(guan)理、掛牌式督(du)導、臺賬式監測,指導企業一企一策“處(chu)(chu)僵(jiang)治(zhi)困”。今(jin)年上半年,僵(jiang)尸(shi)特(te)困企業虧損(sun)額較2015年同期減(jian)虧885億元,571戶僵(jiang)尸(shi)特(te)困企業已完成處(chu)(chu)置(zhi)(zhi)主體任務(wu),員(yuan)工得(de)到了妥善安置(zhi)(zhi),經濟社會資(zi)源(yuan)獲(huo)得(de)了極大釋(shi)放。
三、著力(li)提(ti)高經(jing)營管(guan)(guan)理(li)效率,全力(li)實施“壓(ya)減”工程。為切實解決中(zhong)央企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)法(fa)(fa)人(ren)(ren)(ren)戶數多、管(guan)(guan)理(li)鏈條長,影響企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)管(guan)(guan)理(li)效率有(you)(you)效發揮問題(ti),中(zhong)央企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)開(kai)展了(le)壓(ya)縮管(guan)(guan)理(li)層(ceng)級、減少(shao)法(fa)(fa)人(ren)(ren)(ren)戶數專項工作,督促企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)“自(zi)我革命(ming)”,“動手術、摘帽(mao)子、撤板凳”。工作開(kai)展一(yi)年多來,中(zhong)央企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)累(lei)計減少(shao)法(fa)(fa)人(ren)(ren)(ren)單位6395戶,減少(shao)比例達12.3%,已累(lei)計節約人(ren)(ren)(ren)工成本274億元(yuan),壓(ya)減管(guan)(guan)理(li)費用(yong)106億元(yuan)。通(tong)過壓(ya)減,企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的決策力(li)、管(guan)(guan)控力(li)、執行力(li)得到有(you)(you)效提(ti)高。
四、著力推(tui)(tui)動企(qi)(qi)業(ye)輕裝上陣,攻堅歷史(shi)遺(yi)留問題。歷史(shi)負擔是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)改革發(fa)展最難啃的硬骨頭之一(yi)。國資委把(ba)剝(bo)離企(qi)(qi)業(ye)辦(ban)社會職能和解決歷史(shi)遺(yi)留問題當作攻堅戰來(lai)打,推(tui)(tui)動企(qi)(qi)業(ye)定目標、優方案、建(jian)機制、明責任。在(zai)各部門(men)、地(di)方積(ji)(ji)極支持配合下,目前中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)“三供(gong)一(yi)業(ye)”分離移(yi)交工(gong)作總體進(jin)度過半,哈電集(ji)團、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國一(yi)重(zhong)等東北地(di)區老國企(qi)(qi)已經(jing)先行完成,中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)車(che)集(ji)團等17家中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)相關(guan)工(gong)作正在(zai)加快(kuai)推(tui)(tui)進(jin);教育醫療等公(gong)共服務機構剝(bo)離、退休(xiu)人(ren)員社會化管理試點等工(gong)作均取得積(ji)(ji)極突破。
五(wu)、著力防范化解潛在風險(xian)(xian),力促中(zhong)央企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)穩健經營。為(wei)始終保(bao)(bao)持中(zhong)央企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)穩健發展勢(shi)(shi)頭,國資(zi)(zi)(zi)委(wei)建立了(le)較為(wei)完善的風險(xian)(xian)管(guan)控(kong)(kong)體(ti)系,牢(lao)抓“五(wu)控(kong)(kong)”:控(kong)(kong)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)標準,分行(xing)業(ye)(ye)確定資(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)負(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)債(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)率(lv)(lv)管(guan)控(kong)(kong)線;控(kong)(kong)財(cai)務(wu)(wu)杠(gang)桿(gan),對(dui)(dui)高(gao)負(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)債(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)實施負(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)債(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)率(lv)(lv)和負(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)債(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)規模雙(shuang)管(guan)控(kong)(kong);控(kong)(kong)投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)規模,對(dui)(dui)高(gao)負(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)債(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)嚴(yan)格投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)和費用開支(zhi)管(guan)控(kong)(kong);控(kong)(kong)風險(xian)(xian)業(ye)(ye)務(wu)(wu),嚴(yan)控(kong)(kong)對(dui)(dui)外(wai)擔保(bao)(bao)、金融衍生品(pin)等(deng)高(gao)風險(xian)(xian)業(ye)(ye)務(wu)(wu),嚴(yan)禁開展融資(zi)(zi)(zi)性(xing)貿(mao)易(yi);控(kong)(kong)財(cai)務(wu)(wu)風險(xian)(xian),及時(shi)化解債(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)券(quan)兌付(fu)危機和債(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)務(wu)(wu)違約(yue)風險(xian)(xian),有效(xiao)維護(hu)市場穩定。五(wu)年(nian)來,中(zhong)央企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)資(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)、收入(ru)規模快速(su)增長的同時(shi),資(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)負(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)債(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)率(lv)(lv)整(zheng)體(ti)保(bao)(bao)持了(le)平(ping)穩態勢(shi)(shi),有效(xiao)遏制了(le)杠(gang)桿(gan)率(lv)(lv)快速(su)攀(pan)升勢(shi)(shi)頭。目前,中(zhong)央企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)逐步(bu)建立多(duo)渠道降(jiang)杠(gang)桿(gan)減(jian)負(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)債(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)機制,多(duo)個(ge)市場化債(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)轉股項(xiang)目已率(lv)(lv)先(xian)落(luo)地(di)。截至9月末(mo),中(zhong)央企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)平(ping)均資(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)負(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)債(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)率(lv)(lv)為(wei)66.5%,較年(nian)初又下(xia)降(jiang)了(le)0.2個(ge)百分點,債(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)務(wu)(wu)風險(xian)(xian)整(zheng)體(ti)可(ke)控(kong)(kong)。
“行(xing)百里者半九十(shi)”。深化供給側結(jie)構性改革(ge),是當前和(he)(he)今后一(yi)個時(shi)期推動(dong)(dong)我國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)經濟(ji)實(shi)現(xian)(xian)中(zhong)高速增長(chang)、邁向中(zhong)高端水平的(de)治本良(liang)(liang)策、制勝(sheng)(sheng)良(liang)(liang)方。國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)資委和(he)(he)中(zhong)央(yang)企業將(jiang)緊緊團(tuan)結(jie)在以習近(jin)平同(tong)志為(wei)核心的(de)黨中(zhong)央(yang)周圍,認真學(xue)習領(ling)會貫(guan)徹黨的(de)十(shi)九大精神,以習近(jin)平新時(shi)代(dai)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)特色社(she)會主(zhu)義思(si)想為(wei)綱領(ling),深入落(luo)實(shi)創新驅動(dong)(dong)發展戰略,加快(kuai)新舊動(dong)(dong)能(neng)轉換,推動(dong)(dong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)資本做強(qiang)做優做大,培育具有(you)(you)全(quan)(quan)球競爭(zheng)力(li)的(de)世界一(yi)流企業,為(wei)決勝(sheng)(sheng)全(quan)(quan)面建成小康社(she)會、全(quan)(quan)面建設社(she)會主(zhu)義現(xian)(xian)代(dai)化國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家作出新的(de)更(geng)大貢獻。