文章來源(yuan)：考(kao)核分(fen)配局 發(fa)布時間：2020-01-16
近(jin)日，國(guo)務院國(guo)資(zi)(zi)委發布了(le)《中央企業(ye)工(gong)資(zi)(zi)總額管(guan)理辦法(fa)》（國(guo)資(zi)(zi)委令第39號(hao)，以下(xia)簡稱《辦法(fa)》）。《辦法(fa)》出臺后，國(guo)務院國(guo)資(zi)(zi)委有關負責同志接受了(le)記(ji)者采(cai)訪。
問：請介紹《辦(ban)法》的起草背景。
答：中(zhong)央企業(ye)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)總額管(guan)理是調節國家、企業(ye)、職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)三者(zhe)利益關(guan)系(xi)的(de)重要(yao)方式，也是國資(zi)(zi)委(wei)依法履(lv)行出資(zi)(zi)人職(zhi)責(ze)的(de)重要(yao)手段，一直以來，在(zai)推動(dong)中(zhong)央企業(ye)改革發展、確保(bao)國有(you)資(zi)(zi)產保(bao)值增(zeng)值方面發揮了重要(yao)作(zuo)用，同時，工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)總額管(guan)理又是關(guan)乎民生福祉的(de)重要(yao)內容，涉(she)及(ji)中(zhong)央企業(ye)廣大干部職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)的(de)切身利益，歷來受(shou)到各方面的(de)高度關(guan)注(zhu)。
國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)資(zi)(zi)(zi)委成立(li)(li)以(yi)來，對(dui)完善(shan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)(e)管(guan)(guan)理(li)制(zhi)度做(zuo)了(le)大量積極(ji)有(you)(you)效(xiao)探(tan)索(suo)，總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)體上分(fen)為(wei)三個階段(duan)。第一階段(duan)為(wei)承接(jie)起步期(qi)(qi)，從2003年(nian)(nian)至2007年(nian)(nian)，國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)資(zi)(zi)(zi)委在(zai)依法承接(jie)原(yuan)勞動(dong)保(bao)障部門對(dui)中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)監管(guan)(guan)職能的(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎上，從出資(zi)(zi)(zi)人的(de)(de)(de)(de)角度，持(chi)續(xu)對(dui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)效(xiao)掛鉤管(guan)(guan)理(li)辦法進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)改(gai)革(ge)和(he)完善(shan)，初步構(gou)(gou)建了(le)出資(zi)(zi)(zi)人對(dui)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)(e)調(diao)控體系，在(zai)促進(jin)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)效(xiao)益高(gao)速增(zeng)長(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)同時(shi)，保(bao)障了(le)職工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)較快提高(gao)。第二階段(duan)是改(gai)革(ge)突破期(qi)(qi)，重點是探(tan)索(suo)和(he)建立(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)(e)預(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)管(guan)(guan)理(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)體制(zhi)機制(zhi)。2008年(nian)(nian)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)資(zi)(zi)(zi)委在(zai)部分(fen)重點行(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)啟動(dong)了(le)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)(e)預(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)試點，著手建立(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)(e)預(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)管(guan)(guan)理(li)制(zhi)度體系，2010年(nian)(nian)、2012年(nian)(nian)先后印發了(le)《中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)(e)預(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)管(guan)(guan)理(li)暫(zan)行(xing)(xing)(xing)辦法》和(he)《中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)(e)預(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)管(guan)(guan)理(li)暫(zan)行(xing)(xing)(xing)辦法實施(shi)細則》，2014年(nian)(nian)實現了(le)中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)(e)預(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)管(guan)(guan)理(li)全覆蓋。這個時(shi)期(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)改(gai)革(ge)突破，在(zai)中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)構(gou)(gou)建起了(le)既符合現代企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)制(zhi)度，又與中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)實際相結合的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)(e)預(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)管(guan)(guan)理(li)制(zhi)度體系，也為(wei)全國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)全面實行(xing)(xing)(xing)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)(e)預(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)管(guan)(guan)理(li)提供(gong)了(le)可(ke)復制(zhi)、可(ke)推廣的(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)(jing)(jing)驗(yan)和(he)改(gai)革(ge)藍本。2014年(nian)(nian)以(yi)后，在(zai)深化(hua)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)改(gai)革(ge)的(de)(de)(de)(de)大背景下，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)(e)管(guan)(guan)理(li)進(jin)入第三階段(duan)，即持(chi)續(xu)深化(hua)期(qi)(qi)，重點以(yi)分(fen)類管(guan)(guan)理(li)為(wei)手段(duan)，制(zhi)定了(le)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)(e)預(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)備案制(zhi)周期(qi)(qi)制(zhi)管(guan)(guan)理(li)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)(e)特別獎(jiang)勵等一系列政策措(cuo)施(shi)，進(jin)一步增(zeng)強(qiang)了(le)職工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)收入分(fen)配調(diao)控的(de)(de)(de)(de)針對(dui)性(xing)(xing)和(he)有(you)(you)效(xiao)性(xing)(xing)，在(zai)經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟(ji)發展(zhan)新常(chang)態下，發揮了(le)助力中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)穩增(zeng)長(chang)、激發和(he)調(diao)動(dong)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)干部職工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)積極(ji)性(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)重要作(zuo)用(yong)。
黨的(de)(de)(de)十九大站在新的(de)(de)(de)歷史起點(dian)上，明確我國(guo)經濟(ji)(ji)已經由(you)高(gao)速(su)增長階段轉(zhuan)向高(gao)質量發(fa)(fa)(fa)展階段，作(zuo)出了(le)貫(guan)徹新發(fa)(fa)(fa)展理念、實(shi)現高(gao)質量發(fa)(fa)(fa)展的(de)(de)(de)部署，提出了(le)培育具有(you)(you)(you)全球競爭力的(de)(de)(de)世(shi)界一流(liu)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)目標。按照黨中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)、國(guo)務(wu)院的(de)(de)(de)決(jue)策部署，以(yi)(yi)及《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang) 國(guo)務(wu)院關于深化國(guo)有(you)(you)(you)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)改革(ge)(ge)的(de)(de)(de)指導意(yi)見(jian)(jian)(jian)》（中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)發(fa)(fa)(fa)〔2015〕22號，以(yi)(yi)下簡稱中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)發(fa)(fa)(fa)22號文件(jian)）提出的(de)(de)(de)“建立(li)健全與(yu)勞動力市場基本適應、與(yu)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)經濟(ji)(ji)效益和(he)勞動生產(chan)率(lv)掛鉤的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)資決(jue)定(ding)和(he)正常(chang)增長機制(zhi)(zhi)”，即(ji)“一適應、兩(liang)掛鉤”的(de)(de)(de)總要求，人力資源社會(hui)保障部、財政部、國(guo)資委(wei)共同研究(jiu)起草《關于改革(ge)(ge)國(guo)有(you)(you)(you)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)資決(jue)定(ding)機制(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)意(yi)見(jian)(jian)(jian)》（以(yi)(yi)下簡稱《意(yi)見(jian)(jian)(jian)》），2018年(nian)5月，《意(yi)見(jian)(jian)(jian)》經由(you)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)全面深化改革(ge)(ge)委(wei)員會(hui)第(di)一次會(hui)議(yi)審(shen)議(yi)通過，國(guo)務(wu)院正式(shi)印發(fa)(fa)(fa)。國(guo)資委(wei)作(zuo)為共同牽頭(tou)單位，在積極參與(yu)《意(yi)見(jian)(jian)(jian)》制(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)工(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)同時，根據《意(yi)見(jian)(jian)(jian)》精神，結合(he)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)改革(ge)(ge)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展的(de)(de)(de)實(shi)際情(qing)況，對中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)資總額管理制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)體系進(jin)行全面修(xiu)訂完善(shan)，同步制(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)了(le)《辦法》。
作(zuo)為《意見(jian)》在中(zhong)央企(qi)業落(luo)地(di)(di)落(luo)實(shi)的配套文件制度，在近兩年的起草制定過程(cheng)中(zhong)，國(guo)資(zi)(zi)委(wei)(wei)(wei)廣泛征(zheng)求了各有關(guan)部門(men)、地(di)(di)方國(guo)資(zi)(zi)委(wei)(wei)(wei)以及全(quan)部中(zhong)央企(qi)業意見(jian)，期(qi)間數易(yi)其(qi)稿，最(zui)終(zhong)由國(guo)務院(yuan)國(guo)資(zi)(zi)委(wei)(wei)(wei)黨委(wei)(wei)(wei)會和主任辦(ban)公(gong)會審(shen)議通過，以國(guo)務院(yuan)國(guo)資(zi)(zi)委(wei)(wei)(wei)令的形(xing)式正式公(gong)布。
問：制定(ding)《辦法》的主要目的和意義是(shi)什么(me)。
答：《辦(ban)(ban)法(fa)》是(shi)國(guo)(guo)資(zi)委首(shou)次以委令形式公開發(fa)布的(de)中央企(qi)業(ye)工資(zi)總額管理制度文件，充(chong)分體現了(le)國(guo)(guo)資(zi)委對這(zhe)項(xiang)工作的(de)高(gao)度重(zhong)視。制定《辦(ban)(ban)法(fa)》的(de)根本(ben)目的(de)，是(shi)貫徹落實(shi)習近平新時代中國(guo)(guo)特色社會主義思想，增強(qiang)中央企(qi)業(ye)活(huo)力和(he)競爭力，促進中央企(qi)業(ye)實(shi)現高(gao)質量發(fa)展。
中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)企業(ye)工(gong)(gong)資總(zong)額管理，既要(yao)與國有企業(ye)工(gong)(gong)資決定機制(zhi)改革(ge)的總(zong)體(ti)(ti)方向保(bao)持一致(zhi)，又要(yao)充分(fen)體(ti)(ti)現中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)企業(ye)自身的經營(ying)發展(zhan)特點(dian)。此次出臺的《辦(ban)法》，緊扣(kou)《意見(jian)》的精(jing)神實質，切實做到(dao)了將出資人依法調控和企業(ye)自主分(fen)配有機結(jie)合。
一(yi)(yi)是(shi)明確提(ti)出(chu)按中(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)業功(gong)能定(ding)位對工資總額(e)實(shi)行(xing)分(fen)類(lei)管(guan)理(li)。此(ci)次改革的(de)重要創新點(dian)之一(yi)(yi)就(jiu)是(shi)分(fen)類(lei)管(guan)理(li)，將工資總額(e)預算(suan)(suan)備案制管(guan)理(li)的(de)實(shi)施范圍，擴大到全部(bu)主(zhu)業處于充(chong)分(fen)競爭行(xing)業和(he)領(ling)域的(de)商業類(lei)中(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)業，由企(qi)業董事(shi)(shi)會依法依規自主(zhu)決定(ding)年度(du)工資總額(e)預算(suan)(suan)，國(guo)資委由事(shi)(shi)前核(he)準轉變為事(shi)(shi)前引導、事(shi)(shi)中(zhong)監測和(he)事(shi)(shi)后監督。
二是(shi)明確提出(chu)了對中央企(qi)業(ye)工資總額實(shi)行(xing)分級管(guan)理。國(guo)資委負責管(guan)制度、管(guan)總量、管(guan)監督，中央企(qi)業(ye)負責管(guan)內部自主分配、管(guan)預算分解落(luo)實(shi)、管(guan)具體(ti)操作執行(xing)，國(guo)資委與中央企(qi)業(ye)權責清晰、各(ge)司其職。
三是(shi)進(jin)一(yi)步(bu)(bu)完善中央企業工(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)額與(yu)經濟效(xiao)(xiao)益掛(gua)(gua)鉤決定(ding)機制。《辦(ban)法(fa)(fa)》圍繞(rao)建立健全“一(yi)適應(ying)、兩掛(gua)(gua)鉤”工(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)決定(ding)機制的目標要(yao)求，進(jin)行了(le)一(yi)系(xi)列重(zhong)大創新。如明確了(le)中央企業工(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)額根(gen)據效(xiao)(xiao)益決定(ding)，并(bing)按(an)照效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)調整，進(jin)一(yi)步(bu)(bu)豐富了(le)工(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)與(yu)效(xiao)(xiao)益掛(gua)(gua)鉤的內涵(han)，全面樹(shu)立“工(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)是(shi)掙出來”的核(he)心理念。再(zai)比如《辦(ban)法(fa)(fa)》進(jin)一(yi)步(bu)(bu)簡化了(le)出資(zi)(zi)(zi)人(ren)根(gen)據國家(jia)要(yao)求調控企業工(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)水平的規(gui)定(ding)，突出了(le)出資(zi)(zi)(zi)人(ren)以管(guan)資(zi)(zi)(zi)本為主加強監管(guan)、簡政放權的管(guan)理導向(xiang)，釋(shi)放了(le)積極的改革(ge)信(xin)號。同(tong)時，《辦(ban)法(fa)(fa)》還明確了(le)企業同(tong)口徑(jing)增人(ren)不增工(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)額、減人(ren)不減工(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)額的有關規(gui)定(ding)，鼓勵中央企業提高用人(ren)效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)。
四是進一步(bu)強調深化(hua)(hua)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)內(nei)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)配制(zhi)度改革(ge)。《辦法(fa)》在宏觀層面完(wan)善國家、企(qi)(qi)業(ye)和(he)職工(gong)(gong)三(san)者(zhe)工(gong)(gong)資分(fen)配關(guan)系(xi)的(de)(de)同時，強調企(qi)(qi)業(ye)作為內(nei)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)配的(de)(de)責(ze)(ze)任主體，應(ying)當持續深化(hua)(hua)內(nei)部(bu)(bu)三(san)項制(zhi)度改革(ge)，構(gou)建形成(cheng)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)內(nei)部(bu)(bu)管理人員(yuan)(yuan)能(neng)上能(neng)下、員(yuan)(yuan)工(gong)(gong)能(neng)進能(neng)出、收入(ru)能(neng)增能(neng)減(jian)的(de)(de)市場(chang)化(hua)(hua)勞動用(yong)工(gong)(gong)和(he)收入(ru)分(fen)配管理機制(zhi)，切實承擔起搞好、搞活企(qi)(qi)業(ye)內(nei)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)配的(de)(de)職責(ze)(ze)。
五是進一步強(qiang)調(diao)(diao)工(gong)資(zi)(zi)總額(e)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理的(de)監(jian)(jian)督檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)，明確(que)界定企(qi)業(ye)的(de)違(wei)規(gui)責(ze)任。如明確(que)對(dui)于實施備(bei)案制(zhi)(zhi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理的(de)企(qi)業(ye)，出(chu)現嚴(yan)重違(wei)反國(guo)家(jia)和國(guo)資(zi)(zi)委關于收入分配(pei)有關規(gui)定的(de)，將其工(gong)資(zi)(zi)總額(e)預算管(guan)(guan)(guan)理方(fang)式由備(bei)案制(zhi)(zhi)調(diao)(diao)整為核準制(zhi)(zhi)，確(que)保做到(dao)權責(ze)對(dui)等。同時(shi)，《辦(ban)法》明確(que)將企(qi)業(ye)工(gong)資(zi)(zi)總額(e)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理情況納入各(ge)項監(jian)(jian)督檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)范圍，與(yu)審計、巡視(shi)等工(gong)作形成合力，切實保證(zheng)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)到(dao)位。
總(zong)的來說，《辦法》較好地體現(xian)了中發(fa)22號文件的改(gai)革要(yao)求，體現(xian)了黨(dang)的十九大(da)提(ti)出的堅持質量第一、效益優先(xian)的發(fa)展理(li)念，符合(he)此前國有企業(ye)改(gai)革座談會(hui)提(ti)出強(qiang)化(hua)正向(xiang)激(ji)勵的有關(guan)精神，符合(he)中央關(guan)于簡(jian)政放權、“放管服”的改(gai)革要(yao)求，對促進中央企業(ye)實(shi)現(xian)高質量發(fa)展、推(tui)動國有資本(ben)做強(qiang)做優做大(da)，加快培育具(ju)有全球競爭力的世界一流(liu)企業(ye)具(ju)有重要(yao)意(yi)義。
問：根(gen)據新的《辦法》，中央企業職工工資總額具體(ti)如何決定(ding)？
答：《辦法(fa)》緊緊圍繞建立健全“一適應、兩掛(gua)鉤(gou)”工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)決定(ding)機制(zhi)的(de)(de)要求，提(ti)(ti)(ti)出中(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總額(e)預算(suan)主要按(an)照(zhao)效(xiao)益(yi)決定(ding)、效(xiao)率(lv)(lv)調整、水(shui)平(ping)(ping)調控三(san)個(ge)環節決定(ding)。一是工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總額(e)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)主要與(yu)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)經(jing)濟效(xiao)益(yi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)幅掛(gua)鉤(gou)聯動。《辦法(fa)》明確中(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總額(e)預算(suan)與(yu)利潤(run)總額(e)等(deng)經(jing)濟效(xiao)益(yi)指標的(de)(de)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)績考核目(mu)(mu)標值掛(gua)鉤(gou)，并且根據目(mu)(mu)標值的(de)(de)先進(jin)程度(du)確定(ding)不(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)預算(suan)水(shui)平(ping)(ping)，引導中(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)通過完成高質量發展目(mu)(mu)標帶(dai)動職工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總額(e)合(he)理有(you)序增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)。二(er)是工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總額(e)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)幅應當(dang)根據效(xiao)率(lv)(lv)水(shui)平(ping)(ping)進(jin)行(xing)適度(du)調整。《辦法(fa)》提(ti)(ti)(ti)出工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)還應當(dang)通過人工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)成本(ben)投入產(chan)(chan)出效(xiao)率(lv)(lv)、勞動生產(chan)(chan)率(lv)(lv)等(deng)指標對標進(jin)行(xing)調整，突出引導企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)提(ti)(ti)(ti)高效(xiao)率(lv)(lv)的(de)(de)管理導向，進(jin)一步協調不(bu)同(tong)效(xiao)率(lv)(lv)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)之間的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)分配關系，提(ti)(ti)(ti)高企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總額(e)決定(ding)機制(zhi)的(de)(de)科學性與(yu)有(you)效(xiao)性。三(san)是注(zhu)重(zhong)收入分配公平(ping)(ping)，國(guo)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)委按(an)照(zhao)國(guo)家有(you)關部(bu)(bu)門發布的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)指導線和(he)對非競爭類國(guo)有(you)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)調控要求，對部(bu)(bu)分工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)水(shui)平(ping)(ping)偏高、過高的(de)(de)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)與(yu)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，尤其是主業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)不(bu)屬于充分競爭行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)領(ling)域的(de)(de)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)過快的(de)(de)情況進(jin)行(xing)適當(dang)約束，確保(bao)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)職工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)水(shui)平(ping)(ping)與(yu)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)幅度(du)更加公平(ping)(ping)合(he)理、規范有(you)序。同(tong)時(shi)，對中(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)承擔重(zhong)大(da)專(zhuan)項任務、重(zhong)大(da)科技創(chuang)新項目(mu)(mu)等(deng)特殊事項的(de)(de)，也明確要予以適度(du)支持。
問：分類管(guan)理是(shi)當前(qian)深化國有企業改革(ge)的重要手段，《辦法》針對(dui)不同功能定位的中央企業采取(qu)了(le)哪(na)些(xie)差異化的工資總額監管(guan)措施。
答：《辦(ban)法》提出(chu)按照功(gong)(gong)能定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)實行(xing)分類(lei)(lei)管理(li)。一(yi)是對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)不同功(gong)(gong)能定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)采取差異(yi)(yi)化的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管理(li)方式。對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)主(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)處(chu)(chu)于(yu)(yu)充分競(jing)爭行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)領(ling)域(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)商(shang)(shang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)類(lei)(lei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)預(yu)算原則上全(quan)部實行(xing)備案制管理(li)，由(you)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)董(dong)事(shi)(shi)會(hui)(hui)(hui)在(zai)依法依規(gui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)前提下(xia)，自主(zhu)決(jue)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)年度工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)預(yu)算，國(guo)資(zi)(zi)(zi)委由(you)事(shi)(shi)前核(he)準轉變(bian)為事(shi)(shi)前引導、事(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)監(jian)測和(he)事(shi)(shi)后監(jian)督；對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)主(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)處(chu)(chu)于(yu)(yu)關系國(guo)家安(an)全(quan)、國(guo)民經濟(ji)(ji)命脈(mo)(mo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)關鍵領(ling)域(yu)(yu)(yu)、主(zhu)要(yao)承擔重大(da)專項(xiang)任(ren)(ren)務(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)商(shang)(shang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)類(lei)(lei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)以提供公(gong)(gong)共產(chan)品和(he)服務(wu)為主(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)公(gong)(gong)益(yi)(yi)(yi)類(lei)(lei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)預(yu)算繼(ji)續(xu)實行(xing)核(he)準制管理(li)。二是與(yu)國(guo)企(qi)(qi)(qi)國(guo)資(zi)(zi)(zi)改(gai)革試點工(gong)(gong)作全(quan)面對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)接。對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)開展(zhan)(zhan)國(guo)有(you)資(zi)(zi)(zi)本投資(zi)(zi)(zi)、運營公(gong)(gong)司(si)或者混合所(suo)有(you)制改(gai)革等試點的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，提出(chu)可(ke)(ke)以探(tan)索實行(xing)更加靈活(huo)高效的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)管理(li)方式。三(san)是對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)不同功(gong)(gong)能定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)實行(xing)差異(yi)(yi)化的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)決(jue)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)機(ji)(ji)制。《辦(ban)法》規(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)可(ke)(ke)以根據(ju)功(gong)(gong)能定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)，在(zai)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)與(yu)經濟(ji)(ji)效益(yi)(yi)(yi)匹(pi)配的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)原則下(xia)，選取差異(yi)(yi)化的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)經濟(ji)(ji)效益(yi)(yi)(yi)指(zhi)標與(yu)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)增長掛鉤，尤其是對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)主(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)處(chu)(chu)于(yu)(yu)關系國(guo)家安(an)全(quan)、國(guo)民經濟(ji)(ji)命脈(mo)(mo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)關鍵領(ling)域(yu)(yu)(yu)、主(zhu)要(yao)承擔重大(da)專項(xiang)任(ren)(ren)務(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)商(shang)(shang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)類(lei)(lei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)公(gong)(gong)益(yi)(yi)(yi)類(lei)(lei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，可(ke)(ke)以探(tan)索結構化管理(li)方式，允許(xu)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)在(zai)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)自主(zhu)確定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)一(yi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)比例(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)保(bao)障性(xing)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)，與(yu)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)所(suo)承擔特殊任(ren)(ren)務(wu)和(he)公(gong)(gong)益(yi)(yi)(yi)性(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務(wu)完成情況掛鉤，促進中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)實現社會(hui)(hui)(hui)效益(yi)(yi)(yi)和(he)經濟(ji)(ji)效益(yi)(yi)(yi)有(you)機(ji)(ji)統一(yi)，更好(hao)發揮各類(lei)(lei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)在(zai)經濟(ji)(ji)社會(hui)(hui)(hui)發展(zhan)(zhan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功(gong)(gong)能作用，更好(hao)地契合了當前分類(lei)(lei)推進國(guo)有(you)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)改(gai)革發展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)總(zong)(zong)(zong)體方向。
問：請(qing)介紹(shao)國(guo)資委下一步的工(gong)作安排。
答：《辦法(fa)》于(yu)2019年在中(zhong)(zhong)央企業(ye)全(quan)面施行，此次(ci)對中(zhong)(zhong)央企業(ye)工(gong)資總額決定機制和管理制度體系進行全(quan)面改(gai)革(ge)，事關(guan)中(zhong)(zhong)央企業(ye)改(gai)革(ge)發展，事關(guan)廣大企業(ye)職工(gong)切身利益，事關(guan)收入(ru)分配和諧有(you)序，涉及(ji)面廣、政策性強、影響力大。國資委(wei)將在今后(hou)一個時期，采取積極措施，統籌推(tui)進工(gong)作(zuo)，確保《辦法(fa)》全(quan)面貫(guan)徹(che)落實。
一是國資(zi)委將按照(zhao)《辦法》，全面部署(shu)2019年中(zhong)央企業工(gong)資(zi)總額預算管理相(xiang)關(guan)工(gong)作。
二(er)是加(jia)快(kuai)相關配套文件的正式出臺。包括《辦法》中(zhong)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)決定(ding)機(ji)制的具體實施(shi)規程、備案(an)制管(guan)理(li)實施(shi)方案(an)、周期(qi)制管(guan)理(li)實施(shi)方案(an)以(yi)及工(gong)(gong)資(zi)管(guan)理(li)特(te)殊(shu)事(shi)項(xiang)清(qing)單等，將盡(jin)快(kuai)研究出臺完整(zheng)的工(gong)(gong)資(zi)管(guan)理(li)政策(ce)體系，以(yi)利企(qi)業執行。
三(san)是(shi)加大政(zheng)策(ce)(ce)宣(xuan)貫和培訓力度(du)。國資(zi)委將組(zu)織系列面(mian)向中(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)業(ye)的(de)政(zheng)策(ce)(ce)培訓，通過政(zheng)策(ce)(ce)宣(xuan)講(jiang)、專家解讀、專題培訓等(deng)多種形式，確(que)保各(ge)中(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)業(ye)準(zhun)確(que)把握《辦法》精(jing)神實(shi)質，并推動(dong)中(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)業(ye)制(zhi)定和完善本企(qi)業(ye)的(de)工資(zi)總額管理制(zhi)度(du)體(ti)系。
四是協同(tong)推進(jin)工(gong)資(zi)分配(pei)相關配(pei)套改(gai)革。2019年，國資(zi)委將進(jin)一(yi)步深入推進(jin)中央企業(ye)(ye)內部三項制度改(gai)革工(gong)作，加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)推進(jin)企業(ye)(ye)建立健全市場化勞動(dong)用(yong)工(gong)和(he)(he)收入分配(pei)管理機制，持續增強(qiang)企業(ye)(ye)活力與競爭力。同(tong)時，在加(jia)(jia)大出資(zi)人(ren)授權改(gai)革的同(tong)時，加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)對中央企業(ye)(ye)工(gong)資(zi)分配(pei)合規(gui)性的監(jian)督(du)檢查，強(qiang)化事中監(jian)測(ce)和(he)(he)事后監(jian)督(du)，確保權力放得下、接得住(zhu)。
【責任編輯：李瑛】