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國(guo)務院(yuan)國(guo)資委(wei)近日印發(fa)《中(zhong)央企業工資總額管(guan)理辦法》（國(guo)資委(wei)令第39號，以下(xia)簡稱《辦法》）。

《辦法(fa)》以習(xi)近(jin)平新時代中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)特色社(she)會主義(yi)思(si)想為(wei)指引，以建立健全與勞(lao)動(dong)力市場基本適應、與企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)經(jing)濟效益和勞(lao)動(dong)生產率掛鉤的工資(zi)決定和正常(chang)增長機(ji)制(zhi)，增強企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)活力和動(dong)力，促(cu)進企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)實現高質量(liang)發展，推動(dong)國(guo)(guo)有(you)資(zi)本做(zuo)強做(zuo)優(you)做(zuo)大為(wei)目標，以出資(zi)人管資(zi)本為(wei)主強化(hua)激勵(li)約束建設為(wei)遵循，按照(zhao)《國(guo)(guo)務院關于改革國(guo)(guo)有(you)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)工資(zi)決定機(ji)制(zhi)的意見》（國(guo)(guo)發〔2018〕16號，以下簡稱《意見》）精神，在(zai)繼(ji)承以往有(you)效經(jing)驗和做(zuo)法(fa)的基礎上(shang)，對(dui)現行(xing)(xing)中(zhong)央企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)工資(zi)總額管理相(xiang)關制(zhi)度辦法(fa)進行(xing)(xing)修改和完(wan)善。

《辦法》明確對(dui)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)資總額(e)實(shi)行(xing)(xing)分類管(guan)理(li)。對(dui)主(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)處于充(chong)分競爭行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)領(ling)域的(de)商業(ye)(ye)(ye)類中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)資總額(e)預算(suan)原則上全部實(shi)行(xing)(xing)備案(an)制管(guan)理(li)，由(you)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)董事會在(zai)依(yi)法依(yi)規(gui)的(de)前(qian)提下，自主(zhu)決定(ding)年度工(gong)資總額(e)預算(suan)，國資委由(you)事前(qian)核準轉變為(wei)事前(qian)引(yin)導、事中(zhong)(zhong)監測和(he)事后監督；對(dui)主(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)處于關系(xi)國家安(an)全、國民經濟(ji)命脈(mo)的(de)重要行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)關鍵(jian)領(ling)域、主(zhu)要承(cheng)擔重大專(zhuan)項(xiang)任務的(de)商業(ye)(ye)(ye)類中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)以提供公(gong)共產品或服務為(wei)主(zhu)的(de)公(gong)益(yi)類中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)，工(gong)資總額(e)預算(suan)繼續實(shi)行(xing)(xing)核準制管(guan)理(li)；對(dui)開展國有資本投(tou)資、運營公(gong)司或者混合所有制改革等試點的(de)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)，提出可以探(tan)索(suo)實(shi)行(xing)(xing)更(geng)加靈活高效的(de)工(gong)資總額(e)管(guan)理(li)方式(shi)。

《辦(ban)(ban)法》明(ming)確對中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)工(gong)資總(zong)額(e)實(shi)行(xing)(xing)分(fen)(fen)級管(guan)理。按(an)照《中(zhong)(zhong)共中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang) 國(guo)(guo)(guo)務(wu)院(yuan)關于深化國(guo)(guo)(guo)有企(qi)業(ye)(ye)改革的指導(dao)意見》（中(zhong)(zhong)發〔2015〕22號，以下(xia)簡稱中(zhong)(zhong)發22號文件(jian)）、《國(guo)(guo)(guo)務(wu)院(yuan)辦(ban)(ban)公廳關于轉發國(guo)(guo)(guo)務(wu)院(yuan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)資委(wei)以管(guan)資本(ben)為主(zhu)推進職能轉變方案的通知》（國(guo)(guo)(guo)辦(ban)(ban)發〔2017〕38號）要求，結合當前中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)工(gong)資總(zong)額(e)管(guan)理實(shi)際，強調中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)工(gong)資總(zong)額(e)實(shi)行(xing)(xing)分(fen)(fen)級管(guan)理體(ti)制，國(guo)(guo)(guo)資委(wei)與中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)權(quan)責清(qing)晰、各司其(qi)職，國(guo)(guo)(guo)資委(wei)負責管(guan)制度、管(guan)總(zong)量、管(guan)監督，中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)負責管(guan)內部(bu)自(zi)主(zhu)分(fen)(fen)配、管(guan)預算分(fen)(fen)解落實(shi)、管(guan)具體(ti)操(cao)作(zuo)執行(xing)(xing)。

《辦法》緊緊圍繞中發(fa)22號(hao)文件和(he)(he)(he)《意(yi)見》關(guan)于(yu)(yu)“建立健全與(yu)勞(lao)動(dong)力市場(chang)基(ji)本適應、與(yu)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)經濟(ji)效(xiao)(xiao)益(yi)和(he)(he)(he)勞(lao)動(dong)生產(chan)率(lv)掛(gua)鉤(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)決定(ding)和(he)(he)(he)正常增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)機制(zhi)(zhi)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu)，明(ming)確(que)(que)規(gui)定(ding)中央企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)總(zong)(zong)額預(yu)算主(zhu)要(yao)按(an)照(zhao)效(xiao)(xiao)益(yi)決定(ding)、效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)調整、水平(ping)(ping)調控三(san)個環節決定(ding)。一是(shi)(shi)中央企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)總(zong)(zong)額預(yu)算與(yu)利潤總(zong)(zong)額等經濟(ji)效(xiao)(xiao)益(yi)指標的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)業(ye)(ye)績考(kao)核目(mu)(mu)標值掛(gua)鉤(gou)，并且根據目(mu)(mu)標值的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)先(xian)進程度(du)確(que)(que)定(ding)不同的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)預(yu)算水平(ping)(ping)，引導(dao)中央企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)通過(guo)完成高質量發(fa)展目(mu)(mu)標，帶動(dong)職工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)總(zong)(zong)額合理有(you)序(xu)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)。二是(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)還應當通過(guo)人工(gong)(gong)成本投入(ru)產(chan)出效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)、勞(lao)動(dong)生產(chan)率(lv)等指標對標進行(xing)調整，進一步協調不同效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)之間工(gong)(gong)資(zi)分(fen)配關(guan)系，提高企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)總(zong)(zong)額決定(ding)機制(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)科(ke)學性與(yu)有(you)效(xiao)(xiao)性。三(san)是(shi)(shi)注重(zhong)(zhong)收入(ru)分(fen)配公平(ping)(ping)，國資(zi)委(wei)將(jiang)按(an)照(zhao)國家(jia)有(you)關(guan)部門發(fa)布的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)指導(dao)線和(he)(he)(he)對非(fei)競爭類國有(you)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)調控要(yao)求(qiu)，對部分(fen)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)水平(ping)(ping)偏(pian)高、過(guo)高的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)與(yu)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)，尤其是(shi)(shi)主(zhu)業(ye)(ye)不屬于(yu)(yu)充分(fen)競爭行(xing)業(ye)(ye)和(he)(he)(he)領域的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)過(guo)快的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情況進行(xing)適當約束，確(que)(que)保企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)職工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水平(ping)(ping)與(yu)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)幅(fu)度(du)更(geng)加公平(ping)(ping)合理、規(gui)范(fan)有(you)序(xu)。同時，對中央企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)承擔(dan)重(zhong)(zhong)大專項(xiang)任務、重(zhong)(zhong)大科(ke)技創新(xin)項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)等特殊事項(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，《辦法》也明(ming)確(que)(que)將(jiang)予以適度(du)支持。

《辦法》在(zai)從宏觀層面完善國家、企(qi)業和職工(gong)三(san)者(zhe)工(gong)資(zi)分(fen)(fen)配(pei)關系，加大出資(zi)人向中央企(qi)業董事會授權(quan)的(de)(de)同時，也同步對責任(ren)(ren)落(luo)實和制(zhi)度配(pei)套進(jin)行了(le)規定(ding)。一是(shi)強(qiang)調(diao)企(qi)業作為內部(bu)分(fen)(fen)配(pei)的(de)(de)責任(ren)(ren)主體，應當(dang)持續深化(hua)內部(bu)三(san)項(xiang)制(zhi)度改革，構建企(qi)業內部(bu)管(guan)理(li)人員(yuan)能上能下、員(yuan)工(gong)能進(jin)能出、收(shou)入能增能減(jian)的(de)(de)市(shi)場化(hua)勞動用工(gong)和收(shou)入分(fen)(fen)配(pei)管(guan)理(li)機制(zhi)，切實承(cheng)擔起搞好、搞活(huo)企(qi)業內部(bu)分(fen)(fen)配(pei)的(de)(de)職責。二是(shi)加強(qiang)監督(du)檢查(cha)，明(ming)確界定(ding)企(qi)業違(wei)規責任(ren)(ren)，并將企(qi)業工(gong)資(zi)總額管(guan)理(li)情況(kuang)納入各項(xiang)監督(du)檢查(cha)范圍，與審計、巡(xun)視等工(gong)作形成(cheng)合力，確保實現權(quan)責對等，監管(guan)到位(wei)。

【責任編輯：李瑛】