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國務院國資(zi)委近日印(yin)發《中央企業(ye)工資(zi)總額管理辦(ban)法》（國資(zi)委令第39號，以下簡稱《辦(ban)法》）。

《辦(ban)法》以(yi)習近平新時(shi)代中國(guo)(guo)(guo)特(te)色社會(hui)主義思想(xiang)為(wei)指引(yin)，以(yi)建立健全與(yu)勞動力(li)市(shi)場基本(ben)適應、與(yu)企(qi)業(ye)經(jing)濟效益和(he)勞動生產率掛鉤的工(gong)資決(jue)(jue)定和(he)正常(chang)增長機制(zhi)，增強(qiang)企(qi)業(ye)活力(li)和(he)動力(li)，促進企(qi)業(ye)實現(xian)高質量發(fa)(fa)展，推(tui)動國(guo)(guo)(guo)有資本(ben)做(zuo)(zuo)強(qiang)做(zuo)(zuo)優做(zuo)(zuo)大為(wei)目標，以(yi)出資人(ren)管資本(ben)為(wei)主強(qiang)化(hua)激勵約束建設為(wei)遵循，按照《國(guo)(guo)(guo)務(wu)院關(guan)于改(gai)(gai)革國(guo)(guo)(guo)有企(qi)業(ye)工(gong)資決(jue)(jue)定機制(zhi)的意見(jian)》（國(guo)(guo)(guo)發(fa)(fa)〔2018〕16號，以(yi)下簡稱《意見(jian)》）精神，在繼承以(yi)往有效經(jing)驗(yan)和(he)做(zuo)(zuo)法的基礎(chu)上，對現(xian)行(xing)中央企(qi)業(ye)工(gong)資總額管理(li)相(xiang)關(guan)制(zhi)度(du)辦(ban)法進行(xing)修改(gai)(gai)和(he)完善。

《辦法》明確(que)對中央(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額實(shi)行分(fen)類管(guan)理(li)(li)。對主(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)處于(yu)充分(fen)競爭行業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和領域的(de)(de)商業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)類中央(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額預算原則上全部(bu)實(shi)行備案制管(guan)理(li)(li)，由企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)董事會在依法依規的(de)(de)前(qian)(qian)提(ti)下(xia)，自主(zhu)決定(ding)年度(du)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額預算，國(guo)資(zi)(zi)委由事前(qian)(qian)核準轉變為(wei)事前(qian)(qian)引導、事中監(jian)測和事后(hou)監(jian)督；對主(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)處于(yu)關(guan)系國(guo)家(jia)安全、國(guo)民經濟(ji)命(ming)脈的(de)(de)重要行業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和關(guan)鍵(jian)領域、主(zhu)要承擔重大(da)專項任(ren)務的(de)(de)商業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)類中央(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和以提(ti)供(gong)公共(gong)產品或服務為(wei)主(zhu)的(de)(de)公益類中央(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額預算繼續實(shi)行核準制管(guan)理(li)(li)；對開展(zhan)國(guo)有(you)資(zi)(zi)本投資(zi)(zi)、運營公司或者混(hun)合所有(you)制改革等(deng)試點的(de)(de)中央(yang)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，提(ti)出可以探索實(shi)行更加(jia)靈活高效的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額管(guan)理(li)(li)方式。

《辦(ban)法》明確對中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)(qi)業工資(zi)(zi)總(zong)額(e)實(shi)行分(fen)(fen)級管(guan)理(li)。按照《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang) 國務院關于(yu)深化國有企(qi)(qi)業改革的指導意見》（中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)發(fa)〔2015〕22號(hao)，以下簡稱中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)發(fa)22號(hao)文件）、《國務院辦(ban)公廳(ting)關于(yu)轉(zhuan)發(fa)國務院國資(zi)(zi)委(wei)(wei)以管(guan)資(zi)(zi)本為(wei)主推(tui)進職(zhi)(zhi)能轉(zhuan)變方案(an)的通知(zhi)》（國辦(ban)發(fa)〔2017〕38號(hao)）要求(qiu)，結合當(dang)前中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)(qi)業工資(zi)(zi)總(zong)額(e)管(guan)理(li)實(shi)際，強調中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)(qi)業工資(zi)(zi)總(zong)額(e)實(shi)行分(fen)(fen)級管(guan)理(li)體(ti)制(zhi)，國資(zi)(zi)委(wei)(wei)與中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)(qi)業權責清晰、各(ge)司其職(zhi)(zhi)，國資(zi)(zi)委(wei)(wei)負(fu)責管(guan)制(zhi)度、管(guan)總(zong)量、管(guan)監督(du)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)(qi)業負(fu)責管(guan)內(nei)部自主分(fen)(fen)配(pei)、管(guan)預算(suan)分(fen)(fen)解落實(shi)、管(guan)具(ju)體(ti)操作(zuo)執行。

《辦法》緊緊圍繞(rao)中(zhong)(zhong)發22號(hao)文件和《意(yi)見》關(guan)于“建立健全與(yu)(yu)勞動力市場基本適應(ying)(ying)、與(yu)(yu)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)經濟(ji)效(xiao)(xiao)益(yi)和勞動生產(chan)(chan)率(lv)(lv)掛(gua)鉤(gou)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)決定(ding)(ding)(ding)和正(zheng)常增長(chang)機制(zhi)”的(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求，明(ming)確規(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)中(zhong)(zhong)央企(qi)業(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)總額(e)預算主要(yao)(yao)按照效(xiao)(xiao)益(yi)決定(ding)(ding)(ding)、效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)(lv)調整、水平(ping)(ping)調控三個環節決定(ding)(ding)(ding)。一(yi)是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)央企(qi)業(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)總額(e)預算與(yu)(yu)利潤總額(e)等經濟(ji)效(xiao)(xiao)益(yi)指(zhi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)(de)業(ye)(ye)績考核目標(biao)(biao)(biao)值掛(gua)鉤(gou)，并且根據(ju)目標(biao)(biao)(biao)值的(de)(de)(de)先進程度確定(ding)(ding)(ding)不(bu)同的(de)(de)(de)預算水平(ping)(ping)，引導中(zhong)(zhong)央企(qi)業(ye)(ye)通(tong)過完(wan)成(cheng)高(gao)質量(liang)發展目標(biao)(biao)(biao)，帶動職工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)總額(e)合理有(you)序增長(chang)。二(er)是(shi)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)增長(chang)還應(ying)(ying)當通(tong)過人工(gong)(gong)成(cheng)本投入(ru)產(chan)(chan)出效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)(lv)、勞動生產(chan)(chan)率(lv)(lv)等指(zhi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)對標(biao)(biao)(biao)進行(xing)調整，進一(yi)步協調不(bu)同效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)(lv)的(de)(de)(de)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)之間工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)分配(pei)關(guan)系，提高(gao)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)總額(e)決定(ding)(ding)(ding)機制(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)科(ke)學(xue)性與(yu)(yu)有(you)效(xiao)(xiao)性。三是(shi)注重收入(ru)分配(pei)公(gong)平(ping)(ping)，國(guo)(guo)資(zi)(zi)委將(jiang)按照國(guo)(guo)家(jia)有(you)關(guan)部(bu)門發布的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)指(zhi)導線和對非競(jing)爭(zheng)類(lei)國(guo)(guo)有(you)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)調控要(yao)(yao)求，對部(bu)分工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)水平(ping)(ping)偏高(gao)、過高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)與(yu)(yu)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)，尤其(qi)是(shi)主業(ye)(ye)不(bu)屬于充分競(jing)爭(zheng)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)和領域的(de)(de)(de)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)增長(chang)過快(kuai)的(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況(kuang)進行(xing)適當約束，確保企(qi)業(ye)(ye)職工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)水平(ping)(ping)與(yu)(yu)增長(chang)幅度更加公(gong)平(ping)(ping)合理、規(gui)范有(you)序。同時，對中(zhong)(zhong)央企(qi)業(ye)(ye)承擔重大(da)專(zhuan)項(xiang)任務、重大(da)科(ke)技(ji)創(chuang)新項(xiang)目等特殊事項(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)，《辦法》也明(ming)確將(jiang)予(yu)以(yi)適度支持。

《辦法》在從宏(hong)觀層面完善(shan)國家、企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)三(san)者工(gong)(gong)資分(fen)配(pei)關系(xi)，加(jia)大出資人向中央企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)董事會(hui)授權(quan)的(de)同時，也同步對責(ze)任(ren)落實和(he)制度配(pei)套進行(xing)了規(gui)定。一是(shi)強調企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)作為(wei)內(nei)部分(fen)配(pei)的(de)責(ze)任(ren)主體，應當持續深(shen)化(hua)內(nei)部三(san)項(xiang)制度改革，構建企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)內(nei)部管理人員(yuan)能(neng)上能(neng)下、員(yuan)工(gong)(gong)能(neng)進能(neng)出、收入能(neng)增能(neng)減的(de)市場化(hua)勞動用工(gong)(gong)和(he)收入分(fen)配(pei)管理機制，切實承擔起搞好、搞活(huo)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)內(nei)部分(fen)配(pei)的(de)職(zhi)責(ze)。二(er)是(shi)加(jia)強監(jian)督檢(jian)查，明確界定企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)違(wei)規(gui)責(ze)任(ren)，并(bing)將(jiang)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)資總額管理情況納入各項(xiang)監(jian)督檢(jian)查范圍，與(yu)審計(ji)、巡視(shi)等工(gong)(gong)作形成合力，確保實現權(quan)責(ze)對等，監(jian)管到(dao)位(wei)。

【責任編輯：李瑛】