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國務院國資委近日印發(fa)《中央企業(ye)工資總額管理(li)辦(ban)法(fa)(fa)》（國資委令第(di)39號，以下簡稱《辦(ban)法(fa)(fa)》）。

《辦法(fa)(fa)》以(yi)(yi)(yi)習(xi)近平新時代中國(guo)(guo)特色(se)社(she)會主(zhu)義思想(xiang)為指引，以(yi)(yi)(yi)建立健全與勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)力市場(chang)基(ji)本適應、與企(qi)(qi)(qi)業經(jing)濟效(xiao)益和勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)生(sheng)產率掛鉤的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)資決定(ding)和正常增(zeng)長機制(zhi)，增(zeng)強企(qi)(qi)(qi)業活力和動(dong)(dong)力，促進企(qi)(qi)(qi)業實(shi)現(xian)高質量發展，推動(dong)(dong)國(guo)(guo)有(you)資本做(zuo)(zuo)強做(zuo)(zuo)優做(zuo)(zuo)大為目標，以(yi)(yi)(yi)出資人管資本為主(zhu)強化(hua)激勵約束建設為遵(zun)循(xun)，按照《國(guo)(guo)務院關于改革國(guo)(guo)有(you)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業工(gong)(gong)資決定(ding)機制(zhi)的(de)(de)意(yi)見》（國(guo)(guo)發〔2018〕16號，以(yi)(yi)(yi)下簡稱《意(yi)見》）精(jing)神，在繼承以(yi)(yi)(yi)往有(you)效(xiao)經(jing)驗和做(zuo)(zuo)法(fa)(fa)的(de)(de)基(ji)礎上(shang)，對(dui)現(xian)行(xing)中央企(qi)(qi)(qi)業工(gong)(gong)資總額管理相關制(zhi)度辦法(fa)(fa)進行(xing)修(xiu)改和完善。

《辦法》明確對中(zhong)(zhong)央企(qi)業(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)額實(shi)行(xing)分類(lei)管(guan)理(li)。對主(zhu)業(ye)(ye)處于充分競爭行(xing)業(ye)(ye)和(he)領域(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)商業(ye)(ye)類(lei)中(zhong)(zhong)央企(qi)業(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)額預(yu)算(suan)原(yuan)則上(shang)全(quan)部實(shi)行(xing)備案制管(guan)理(li)，由企(qi)業(ye)(ye)董事(shi)(shi)(shi)會在依(yi)法依(yi)規的(de)(de)前提(ti)(ti)下，自主(zhu)決定年度工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)額預(yu)算(suan)，國資(zi)(zi)委由事(shi)(shi)(shi)前核準轉(zhuan)變為(wei)事(shi)(shi)(shi)前引導、事(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)監測和(he)事(shi)(shi)(shi)后監督；對主(zhu)業(ye)(ye)處于關系國家(jia)安全(quan)、國民(min)經濟命(ming)脈的(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)和(he)關鍵領域(yu)(yu)、主(zhu)要(yao)承擔重(zhong)(zhong)大專項任務的(de)(de)商業(ye)(ye)類(lei)中(zhong)(zhong)央企(qi)業(ye)(ye)和(he)以(yi)(yi)提(ti)(ti)供公(gong)共(gong)產品或服務為(wei)主(zhu)的(de)(de)公(gong)益類(lei)中(zhong)(zhong)央企(qi)業(ye)(ye)，工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)額預(yu)算(suan)繼續實(shi)行(xing)核準制管(guan)理(li)；對開展(zhan)國有(you)資(zi)(zi)本投資(zi)(zi)、運營公(gong)司或者(zhe)混合所有(you)制改革等試點的(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)央企(qi)業(ye)(ye)，提(ti)(ti)出可以(yi)(yi)探索實(shi)行(xing)更加靈活高效的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)額管(guan)理(li)方式。

《辦(ban)法》明確對中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)企業(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)總額實行分級(ji)管(guan)理(li)。按照《中(zhong)(zhong)共中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang) 國(guo)(guo)(guo)務院關(guan)于(yu)深化國(guo)(guo)(guo)有企業(ye)改革(ge)的(de)指導意見》（中(zhong)(zhong)發〔2015〕22號(hao)，以(yi)(yi)下簡稱中(zhong)(zhong)發22號(hao)文件）、《國(guo)(guo)(guo)務院辦(ban)公廳關(guan)于(yu)轉(zhuan)發國(guo)(guo)(guo)務院國(guo)(guo)(guo)資(zi)(zi)(zi)委(wei)以(yi)(yi)管(guan)資(zi)(zi)(zi)本為主推進職能(neng)轉(zhuan)變(bian)方(fang)案的(de)通知》（國(guo)(guo)(guo)辦(ban)發〔2017〕38號(hao)）要求，結合當前中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)企業(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)總額管(guan)理(li)實際，強調中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)企業(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)總額實行分級(ji)管(guan)理(li)體制(zhi)(zhi)，國(guo)(guo)(guo)資(zi)(zi)(zi)委(wei)與中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)企業(ye)權責清晰(xi)、各司(si)其職，國(guo)(guo)(guo)資(zi)(zi)(zi)委(wei)負(fu)責管(guan)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)、管(guan)總量、管(guan)監(jian)督(du)，中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)企業(ye)負(fu)責管(guan)內部自主分配、管(guan)預算分解落實、管(guan)具(ju)體操作執行。

《辦法》緊(jin)緊(jin)圍繞(rao)中發(fa)22號文件和《意見》關(guan)于“建(jian)立健(jian)全與(yu)勞動(dong)力市場基本適(shi)應(ying)、與(yu)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)經(jing)濟效(xiao)(xiao)益(yi)和勞動(dong)生(sheng)產(chan)率(lv)掛鉤的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)決定(ding)和正常增(zeng)(zeng)長機制”的(de)要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)，明(ming)確規(gui)定(ding)中央企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)預(yu)算主要(yao)按照(zhao)效(xiao)(xiao)益(yi)決定(ding)、效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)調(diao)整(zheng)、水(shui)平(ping)(ping)調(diao)控(kong)(kong)三個(ge)環節決定(ding)。一是(shi)中央企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)預(yu)算與(yu)利(li)潤總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)等(deng)經(jing)濟效(xiao)(xiao)益(yi)指(zhi)標(biao)的(de)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)績考核目(mu)(mu)(mu)標(biao)值(zhi)(zhi)掛鉤，并且根據目(mu)(mu)(mu)標(biao)值(zhi)(zhi)的(de)先進(jin)程(cheng)度確定(ding)不(bu)同(tong)(tong)的(de)預(yu)算水(shui)平(ping)(ping)，引導(dao)(dao)中央企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)通過完成(cheng)高(gao)質(zhi)量發(fa)展目(mu)(mu)(mu)標(biao)，帶動(dong)職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)合(he)理有(you)序(xu)增(zeng)(zeng)長。二是(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)增(zeng)(zeng)長還應(ying)當通過人工(gong)(gong)(gong)成(cheng)本投入產(chan)出(chu)效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)、勞動(dong)生(sheng)產(chan)率(lv)等(deng)指(zhi)標(biao)對(dui)標(biao)進(jin)行(xing)調(diao)整(zheng)，進(jin)一步(bu)協調(diao)不(bu)同(tong)(tong)效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)的(de)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)之間(jian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)分配(pei)(pei)關(guan)系，提高(gao)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)決定(ding)機制的(de)科學(xue)性(xing)與(yu)有(you)效(xiao)(xiao)性(xing)。三是(shi)注(zhu)重(zhong)收入分配(pei)(pei)公平(ping)(ping)，國(guo)資(zi)(zi)委將按照(zhao)國(guo)家有(you)關(guan)部門發(fa)布的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)指(zhi)導(dao)(dao)線和對(dui)非(fei)競(jing)爭(zheng)類國(guo)有(you)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)調(diao)控(kong)(kong)要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)，對(dui)部分工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)水(shui)平(ping)(ping)偏高(gao)、過高(gao)的(de)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)與(yu)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，尤其是(shi)主業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)不(bu)屬于充(chong)分競(jing)爭(zheng)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和領域(yu)的(de)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)增(zeng)(zeng)長過快的(de)情況進(jin)行(xing)適(shi)當約(yue)束，確保企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)的(de)水(shui)平(ping)(ping)與(yu)增(zeng)(zeng)長幅度更加公平(ping)(ping)合(he)理、規(gui)范(fan)有(you)序(xu)。同(tong)(tong)時(shi)，對(dui)中央企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)承(cheng)擔重(zhong)大(da)專(zhuan)項任務(wu)、重(zhong)大(da)科技創新項目(mu)(mu)(mu)等(deng)特殊事項的(de)，《辦法》也明(ming)確將予(yu)以適(shi)度支持。

《辦法》在(zai)從宏觀(guan)層(ceng)面(mian)完善國家、企業(ye)和職(zhi)工(gong)三(san)者工(gong)資(zi)分(fen)(fen)配(pei)(pei)關系，加(jia)大出資(zi)人向中央企業(ye)董事會授權的(de)同(tong)時，也同(tong)步對責(ze)任落(luo)實和制(zhi)度配(pei)(pei)套進(jin)行了規定(ding)。一是(shi)強(qiang)調企業(ye)作(zuo)為(wei)內部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)配(pei)(pei)的(de)責(ze)任主體，應當持續(xu)深(shen)化內部(bu)(bu)三(san)項(xiang)制(zhi)度改(gai)革，構建企業(ye)內部(bu)(bu)管理人員(yuan)能(neng)上能(neng)下、員(yuan)工(gong)能(neng)進(jin)能(neng)出、收(shou)入(ru)能(neng)增(zeng)能(neng)減(jian)的(de)市場化勞動用工(gong)和收(shou)入(ru)分(fen)(fen)配(pei)(pei)管理機(ji)制(zhi)，切實承擔起搞好、搞活企業(ye)內部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)配(pei)(pei)的(de)職(zhi)責(ze)。二是(shi)加(jia)強(qiang)監督(du)檢查(cha)，明確(que)界定(ding)企業(ye)違(wei)規責(ze)任，并將企業(ye)工(gong)資(zi)總額管理情況納入(ru)各項(xiang)監督(du)檢查(cha)范圍，與審計、巡視等工(gong)作(zuo)形(xing)成合力，確(que)保實現權責(ze)對等，監管到位。

【責任編輯：李瑛】