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隨著航天工程技術快速發展，航天器有效載荷不斷增加、需求功率不斷增大，迫切需要長壽命、高可靠、輕量化、小型化的新一代蓄電池。我國高軌衛星儲能電池技術落后，難以滿足型號發展需要，亟需開展相關領域技術攻關，解決核心技術受制于人問題。

中國電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)科所屬(shu)第18研(yan)究所經過多年(nian)研(yan)究，攻克了(le)鋰離子(zi)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)應用于高軌(gui)(gui)衛(wei)星(xing)的(de)系(xi)列技(ji)術難題(ti)，取(qu)得多項創(chuang)新成果：一(yi)是(shi)突(tu)破長(chang)壽命(ming)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)設計、一(yi)致(zhi)性(xing)篩選(xuan)、壽命(ming)建模與(yu)評價技(ji)術，掌握長(chang)壽命(ming)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)制備(bei)成套工藝，大(da)幅提升電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)使用壽命(ming)，研(yan)制的(de)鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)全(quan)充(chong)、全(quan)放循環壽命(ming)超過3000次，完全(quan)滿足(zu)高軌(gui)(gui)衛(wei)星(xing)15年(nian)的(de)壽命(ming)需要(yao)。二是(shi)針對太(tai)空環境特殊要(yao)求(qiu)，發明新型絕(jue)緣密封結構，解(jie)決薄(bo)壁殼體電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)束焊接難題(ti)，滿足(zu)機(ji)(ji)械(xie)振動、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)液腐蝕、真空負壓、輻射(she)老化(hua)和(he)多相絕(jue)緣等復雜條件下，蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)穩定(ding)性(xing)和(he)可靠性(xing)要(yao)求(qiu)。三(san)是(shi)創(chuang)新設計3并套筒式結構，解(jie)決蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)產品機(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)熱(re)一(yi)體化(hua)技(ji)術難題(ti)，減(jian)小了(le)產品安裝體積、功率回(hui)路路徑(jing)和(he)輸出阻抗，降低了(le)整機(ji)(ji)溫(wen)度(du)(du)梯度(du)(du)和(he)系(xi)統短路風險。四(si)是(shi)發明自主均(jun)衡(heng)矩(ju)陣補(bu)償技(ji)術，可根據單體電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓與(yu)平均(jun)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓比較關系(xi)，對單體電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)進行補(bu)償分(fen)流，解(jie)決了(le)因電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)自放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)導(dao)致(zhi)的(de)性(xing)能離散問題(ti)，提升了(le)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)在軌(gui)(gui)工作的(de)自主管控水平。

項(xiang)目(mu)授權發明專利5項(xiang)，發表論文10篇，獲國(guo)防科技(ji)進(jin)步一等獎(jiang)1項(xiang)，形成(cheng)核心技(ji)術秘密2項(xiang)，創造直接經濟(ji)效益3.6億(yi)元以上。項(xiang)目(mu)成(cheng)果先后在北斗(dou)導航(hang)衛星、“DFH-3B”衛星平臺等應(ying)用，解決了長壽命高(gao)軌衛星用高(gao)性能儲能電池長期(qi)依賴進(jin)口的問(wen)題，為我國(guo)實(shi)現關鍵航(hang)天產品“自主可控、穩定運行”作出(chu)了重要貢獻。

 

【責任編輯：李瑛】