文(wen)章來源:規劃發(fa)展(zhan)局 發(fa)布時間:2016-08-31
超重(zhong)(zhong)型(xing)復合數(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)機(ji)床是(shi)加工巨型(xing)艦船驅動軸(zhou)、核電轉子(zi)、超大功率汽輪機(ji)轉子(zi)等核心部(bu)件的關(guan)鍵設(she)備(bei),長期以來,我國(guo)(guo)這(zhe)類(lei)數(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)機(ji)床主要依賴進(jin)(jin)口,設(she)備(bei)購置成本高(gao)(gao)(gao),技(ji)術受到西方(fang)發(fa)達國(guo)(guo)家封鎖,嚴重(zhong)(zhong)制約相關(guan)產(chan)業發(fa)展(zhan)。隨(sui)著我國(guo)(guo)高(gao)(gao)(gao)端裝備(bei)制造業發(fa)展(zhan),相關(guan)產(chan)業在(zai)超大型(xing)毛坯加工、特殊零部(bu)件一次性加工等方(fang)面(mian)對數(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)機(ji)床提出(chu)了更高(gao)(gao)(gao)要求,進(jin)(jin)口數(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)機(ji)床的加工效率和精(jing)度不能滿足上(shang)述需求,這(zhe)類(lei)超重(zhong)(zhong)型(xing)復合數(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)機(ji)床的設(she)計(ji)生產(chan)在(zai)國(guo)(guo)內外均處于空白狀態(tai)。
兵(bing)器工(gong)業(ye)集團聯合(he)相關高(gao)(gao)校,針對(dui)(dui)這(zhe)類數控機床(chuang)大重(zhong)(zhong)量承(cheng)載(zai)和(he)高(gao)(gao)精度(du)(du)(du)、多功能復合(he)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)等領(ling)(ling)域有關難(nan)(nan)題開展攻關,取得機床(chuang)制造(zao)工(gong)藝與(yu)裝備領(ling)(ling)域的重(zhong)(zhong)大突(tu)破:一是開發出大型部(bu)件(jian)復合(he)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)技(ji)術,實(shi)現重(zhong)(zhong)型復雜零件(jian)在一臺機床(chuang)上(shang)完成全部(bu)加(jia)(jia)工(gong),主要精度(du)(du)(du)參數優于國外(wai)水平;二是研制出高(gao)(gao)性能軸承(cheng)的液壓(ya)控制系(xi)統和(he)主軸靜壓(ya)支撐技(ji)術,使機床(chuang)承(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)和(he)穩定(ding)性指標大幅提升,實(shi)現額定(ding)承(cheng)載(zai)500噸、主軸徑(jing)向跳動指標達微米級(ji),達到國際領(ling)(ling)先水平;三是開發出機床(chuang)主軸箱等超大高(gao)(gao)精度(du)(du)(du)零件(jian)制造(zao)技(ji)術,解決了機床(chuang)主要部(bu)件(jian)的鑄造(zao)難(nan)(nan)題;四(si)是研制出多種精密(mi)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)工(gong)藝,顯著提高(gao)(gao)機床(chuang)對(dui)(dui)大型精密(mi)零部(bu)件(jian)的加(jia)(jia)工(gong)精度(du)(du)(du)。
該(gai)成果(guo)授權發(fa)明專(zhuan)利2項,經中(zhong)國機(ji)械(xie)工(gong)業(ye)聯(lian)合會組(zu)織(zhi)的專(zhuan)家組(zu)鑒定,該(gai)成果(guo)的研制成功(gong)解決(jue)了我(wo)國重大裝備(bei)關鍵零部(bu)件國產(chan)化的加(jia)工(gong)難題,具有完(wan)全(quan)自主(zhu)(zhu)的知識產(chan)權,主(zhu)(zhu)要性能達到(dao)國際領先(xian)水平(ping),填補(bu)了國內空(kong)白。2014年(nian),該(gai)成果(guo)先(xian)后獲得湖北省(sheng)科技(ji)進步一等獎和中(zhong)國機(ji)械(xie)工(gong)業(ye)科學技(ji)術一等獎。

附圖:超重型復合數控機床
兵器工(gong)業(ye)集(ji)(ji)團(tuan)應(ying)用該成果(guo),開(kai)發(fa)(fa)出世(shi)界首臺(tai)集(ji)(ji)車、銑、磨、大(da)(da)直徑(jing)深孔鏜(tang)、小直徑(jing)深孔鉆等多種(zhong)(zhong)功能(neng)為(wei)一(yi)體的超(chao)重(zhong)型復合數控(kong)機床。這(zhe)種(zhong)(zhong)機床被中(zhong)國(guo)一(yi)重(zhong)、大(da)(da)連船舶重(zhong)工(gong)、東方(fang)電氣等企(qi)業(ye)采用,并推廣至國(guo)外有關(guan)(guan)企(qi)業(ye)。這(zhe)種(zhong)(zhong)機床的應(ying)用打破了(le)發(fa)(fa)達國(guo)家在戰略(lve)裝(zhuang)備(bei)加(jia)工(gong)設備(bei)領(ling)域對我國(guo)的壟(long)斷和技術封鎖,使我國(guo)相(xiang)關(guan)(guan)核(he)心(xin)部件(jian)加(jia)工(gong)工(gong)藝(yi)和裝(zhuang)備(bei)達到世(shi)界領(ling)先水平,為(wei)實現我國(guo)戰略(lve)裝(zhuang)備(bei)制(zhi)造國(guo)產化發(fa)(fa)揮了(le)重(zhong)要(yao)作用。(兵器工(gong)業(ye)集(ji)(ji)團(tuan)供稿)