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近年來，隨(sui)著(zhu)我國水電(dian)(dian)開發的(de)深入，金沙江(jiang)、怒江(jiang)等大(da)量(liang)水電(dian)(dian)外(wai)送工程(cheng)(cheng)不可避(bi)免地將處于高(gao)海(hai)(hai)拔區域。隨(sui)著(zhu)海(hai)(hai)拔的(de)升高(gao)，氣壓的(de)降低，高(gao)海(hai)(hai)拔輸(shu)變(bian)電(dian)(dian)工程(cheng)(cheng)設(she)備外(wai)絕緣(yuan)特(te)性顯著(zhu)下降，輸(shu)變(bian)電(dian)(dian)工程(cheng)(cheng)出現電(dian)(dian)氣閃(shan)絡故障的(de)概率(lv)大(da)大(da)增加，是高(gao)海(hai)(hai)拔輸(shu)變(bian)電(dian)(dian)工程(cheng)(cheng)面臨的(de)重大(da)技術挑戰。

中國能(neng)建通過在不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)海(hai)拔(ba)(ba)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗場(chang)的(de)(de)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗，深(shen)入開展了(le)(le)(le)220kV、500kV電壓(ya)等(deng)級(ji)2000-4000米(mi)(mi)(mi)海(hai)拔(ba)(ba)變(bian)(bian)(bian)電工(gong)程(cheng)、3500-5500米(mi)(mi)(mi)海(hai)拔(ba)(ba)線路(lu)工(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)電氣設備外絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)、長(chang)絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)子(zi)串(chuan)、長(chang)空氣間(jian)隙(xi)、導(dao)線及金具(ju)電暈等(deng)研(yan)究(jiu),獲得(de)了(le)(le)(le)多(duo)項極具(ju)適用(yong)價值(zhi)的(de)(de)研(yan)究(jiu)成果(guo)。一是通過在不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)海(hai)拔(ba)(ba)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗場(chang)的(de)(de)高壓(ya)交(jiao)(jiao)流絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)特(te)性(xing)研(yan)究(jiu)和真型(xing)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗研(yan)究(jiu)，首次提(ti)(ti)出(chu)了(le)(le)(le)引入參變(bian)(bian)(bian)量(liang)(liang)m的(de)(de)交(jiao)(jiao)流絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)海(hai)拔(ba)(ba)校正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)因數(shu)Ka及其參變(bian)(bian)(bian)量(liang)(liang)m的(de)(de)取(qu)值(zhi)算法(fa)，為(wei)高海(hai)拔(ba)(ba)地區變(bian)(bian)(bian)電站(zhan)相(xiang)地操(cao)作沖擊外絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)設計(ji)提(ti)(ti)供了(le)(le)(le)理(li)論依據。二是通過在不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)海(hai)拔(ba)(ba)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗場(chang)的(de)(de)高壓(ya)交(jiao)(jiao)流絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)特(te)性(xing)研(yan)究(jiu)和真型(xing)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗研(yan)究(jiu)，提(ti)(ti)出(chu)了(le)(le)(le)2000-4000米(mi)(mi)(mi)地區不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)外形支柱(zhu)絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)子(zi)、鹽(yan)密(mi)(mi)條件下閃(shan)絡電壓(ya)修正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)公(gong)式修正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)指(zhi)數(shu)n的(de)(de)取(qu)值(zhi)。三是在不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)海(hai)拔(ba)(ba)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗場(chang)針對典(dian)型(xing)鹽(yan)密(mi)(mi)下不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)類(lei)型(xing)絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)子(zi)串(chuan)進行覆冰(bing)(bing)高壓(ya)交(jiao)(jiao)流耐壓(ya)真型(xing)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗，揭(jie)示了(le)(le)(le)海(hai)拔(ba)(ba)3500-5000米(mi)(mi)(mi)地區500kV線路(lu)長(chang)串(chuan)絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)子(zi)覆冰(bing)(bing)閃(shan)絡特(te)性(xing)，并(bing)提(ti)(ti)出(chu)了(le)(le)(le)覆冰(bing)(bing)耐壓(ya)修正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)系(xi)數(shu)和絕(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)子(zi)選(xuan)型(xing)指(zhi)導(dao)意見。四是提(ti)(ti)出(chu)了(le)(le)(le)不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)間(jian)隙(xi)尺寸的(de)(de)高海(hai)拔(ba)(ba)修正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)系(xi)數(shu)取(qu)值(zhi)范圍，500kV線路(lu)塔頭(tou)空氣間(jian)隙(xi)放電電壓(ya)海(hai)拔(ba)(ba)修正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)方法(fa)和間(jian)隙(xi)取(qu)值(zhi)。

該科技成(cheng)果(guo)填(tian)補了(le)(le)國(guo)內(nei)外高海拔輸變電工(gong)程(cheng)外絕緣特性研(yan)究的(de)(de)空白，獲得(de)19項專利(li)，并(bing)獲得(de)2015年度(du)四川(chuan)省(sheng)科學技術(shu)進步獎一等獎。四川(chuan)省(sheng)科技廳組(zu)織的(de)(de)鑒定專家(jia)組(zu)認為，該成(cheng)果(guo)成(cheng)功解決了(le)(le)高海拔地(di)區交流高壓輸變電工(gong)程(cheng)設計中的(de)(de)一系(xi)列(lie)(lie)關鍵技術(shu)難題，取得(de)了(le)(le)系(xi)列(lie)(lie)工(gong)程(cheng)化的(de)(de)研(yan)究成(cheng)果(guo)，整體達到國(guo)際(ji)(ji)先(xian)(xian)進水平，其中部(bu)分技術(shu)成(cheng)果(guo)達到國(guo)際(ji)(ji)領先(xian)(xian)水平。該研(yan)究成(cheng)果(guo)對加(jia)快西(xi)(xi)部(bu)地(di)區資(zi)源(yuan)優勢轉(zhuan)化為經濟優勢、推(tui)動西(xi)(xi)部(bu)地(di)區跨越(yue)發展(zhan)和長治(zhi)久(jiu)安(an)具有重要意(yi)義。

附圖:川藏聯網工程應用(yong)