文章來源：人民日(ri)報 發(fa)布時間：2022-03-30
日(ri)前召(zhao)開的中(zhong)央(yang)財經委員會第九次會議(yi)強調(diao)，我(wo)國力(li)爭2030年前實現(xian)碳(tan)達峰，2060年前實現(xian)碳(tan)中(zhong)和，是(shi)黨(dang)中(zhong)央(yang)經過深(shen)(shen)思熟慮作出(chu)的重大戰略決(jue)策，事(shi)關(guan)中(zhong)華(hua)民族永續發展和構建人類命運共(gong)同體(ti)。南方電網公司深(shen)(shen)入貫徹落實習近(jin)平總書記重要講話精神和黨(dang)中(zhong)央(yang)決(jue)策部署，堅(jian)持(chi)在大局下行動(dong)、為全(quan)局作貢獻，全(quan)面(mian)融入、全(quan)力(li)服務碳(tan)達峰、碳(tan)中(zhong)和目(mu)標實現(xian)。
深刻認(ren)識能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)電力(li)(li)(li)(li)綠(lv)(lv)色低(di)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)發(fa)展對(dui)于實(shi)現碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)達(da)(da)峰(feng)、碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)中(zhong)(zhong)和目(mu)標(biao)的關鍵作用(yong)。能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)活動是當前碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)排(pai)放(fang)的最(zui)主要來源(yuan)(yuan)，2020年我國能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)消費產(chan)生(sheng)的二(er)氧化(hua)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)排(pai)放(fang)占總(zong)排(pai)放(fang)量(liang)的88%左右，而電力(li)(li)(li)(li)行(xing)(xing)業的二(er)氧化(hua)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)排(pai)放(fang)量(liang)占了能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)行(xing)(xing)業排(pai)放(fang)總(zong)量(liang)的近一半，電力(li)(li)(li)(li)行(xing)(xing)業減(jian)排(pai)進程直(zhi)接影響碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)達(da)(da)峰(feng)、碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)中(zhong)(zhong)和整體進程。因此，實(shi)現碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)達(da)(da)峰(feng)、碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)中(zhong)(zhong)和目(mu)標(biao)，必須加快構建以(yi)新能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)為主體的新型電力(li)(li)(li)(li)系統(tong)，構建清(qing)潔低(di)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)安(an)全高(gao)效的能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)體系，通過能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)電力(li)(li)(li)(li)綠(lv)(lv)色低(di)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)發(fa)展引領(ling)經濟社會系統(tong)性(xing)變革。作為連(lian)接電力(li)(li)(li)(li)行(xing)(xing)業上(shang)下游(you)的紐帶和平臺(tai)，南(nan)(nan)方電網公司將堅定不(bu)移走生(sheng)態優先、綠(lv)(lv)色低(di)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)的高(gao)質量(liang)發(fa)展道路(lu)，全力(li)(li)(li)(li)服(fu)務廣東、廣西(xi)、云南(nan)(nan)、貴(gui)州(zhou)、海南(nan)(nan)等南(nan)(nan)方五省區及(ji)港澳地區及(ji)早實(shi)現碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)達(da)(da)峰(feng)、碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)中(zhong)(zhong)和目(mu)標(biao)。
深入(ru)貫徹(che)“四個(ge)革(ge)命(ming)、一個(ge)合作”能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)安全(quan)新戰略(lve)(lve)，南方(fang)電(dian)網推動(dong)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)綠(lv)色(se)低碳(tan)轉型敢(gan)為人先(xian)、蹄疾步穩。能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)結構轉型成(cheng)效顯著，非化石能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)裝(zhuang)機(ji)、電(dian)量(liang)占(zhan)比(bi)連(lian)續五(wu)年超過(guo)50%，遠(yuan)超國(guo)內(nei)平(ping)均水(shui)平(ping)，位(wei)居世界(jie)前列。清潔能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)消納水(shui)平(ping)領跑全(quan)國(guo)，水(shui)能(neng)(neng)利(li)用率超過(guo)99.5%，風電(dian)、光(guang)伏發電(dian)利(li)用率均達99.7%，基本實(shi)現(xian)全(quan)額消納。深入(ru)推進國(guo)家西電(dian)東(dong)送(song)戰略(lve)(lve)，建成(cheng)“八條交流(liu)、十一條直流(liu)”的西電(dian)東(dong)送(song)大通道，送(song)電(dian)規模(mo)(mo)超5800萬千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)，年送(song)電(dian)量(liang)超2300億(yi)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)時，累(lei)計送(song)電(dian)量(liang)突破2.4萬億(yi)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)時，相當于減排二(er)氧(yang)化碳(tan)17億(yi)噸、二(er)氧(yang)化硫1200萬噸。持續推動(dong)終(zhong)端(duan)(duan)用能(neng)(neng)清潔化，“十三五(wu)”累(lei)計實(shi)現(xian)替(ti)代電(dian)量(liang)約(yue)1000億(yi)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)時，2020年南方(fang)五(wu)省區(qu)電(dian)能(neng)(neng)占(zhan)終(zhong)端(duan)(duan)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)消費比(bi)重達32%。科技創新成(cheng)果豐碩，投產世界(jie)首(shou)個(ge)特(te)高(gao)壓(ya)多端(duan)(duan)柔性直流(liu)輸(shu)電(dian)工程(cheng)——昆柳(liu)龍直流(liu)工程(cheng)，“特(te)高(gao)壓(ya)±800千(qian)(qian)伏直流(liu)輸(shu)電(dian)工程(cheng)”榮獲國(guo)家科學技術(shu)進步獎(jiang)特(te)等獎(jiang)。積極推動(dong)電(dian)力(li)體制(zhi)改革(ge)，在全(quan)國(guo)率先(xian)啟動(dong)輸(shu)配電(dian)價改革(ge)、率先(xian)以股(gu)份制(zhi)模(mo)(mo)式組(zu)建電(dian)力(li)交易機(ji)構，建立全(quan)國(guo)第(di)一個(ge)電(dian)力(li)現(xian)貨(huo)市場(chang)，市場(chang)化電(dian)量(liang)占(zhan)比(bi)全(quan)國(guo)領先(xian)。在各(ge)方(fang)共(gong)同努(nu)力(li)下(xia)(xia)，南方(fang)五(wu)省區(qu)2020年單位(wei)GDP電(dian)力(li)二(er)氧(yang)化碳(tan)排放較2005年下(xia)(xia)降51%，為實(shi)現(xian)碳(tan)達峰、碳(tan)中(zhong)和目(mu)標奠定了(le)堅(jian)實(shi)基礎。
“十(shi)四(si)五”是碳達峰(feng)的(de)關鍵(jian)期、窗口期，南方(fang)(fang)電網公(gong)司將(jiang)堅定不移貫徹新發展理念，積(ji)極推進(jin)能源電力行業盡早達峰(feng)，大力支持有條件的(de)省區率先達峰(feng)。重點做好五個方(fang)(fang)面(mian)工作：
一是大力支持非化(hua)(hua)石(shi)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)發展，推(tui)動(dong)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)供(gong)給側(ce)結構轉型。推(tui)動(dong)新(xin)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)集(ji)中(zhong)式與(yu)分(fen)布式并舉發展，設立(li)海(hai)上風(feng)(feng)電(dian)服務公(gong)司，主動(dong)融入和服務海(hai)上風(feng)(feng)電(dian)發展，統籌推(tui)進風(feng)(feng)光水(shui)(shui)火(huo)儲一體化(hua)(hua)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)基(ji)地建(jian)(jian)設。深入推(tui)進水(shui)(shui)電(dian)綠色開(kai)發和沿海(hai)核電(dian)安全穩妥發展。加快抽水(shui)(shui)蓄能(neng)電(dian)站規劃建(jian)(jian)設，積極推(tui)進城市(shi)中(zhong)心調峰(feng)氣電(dian)規劃建(jian)(jian)設，推(tui)動(dong)火(huo)電(dian)靈活性改(gai)造，加快電(dian)化(hua)(hua)學(xue)儲能(neng)規模(mo)化(hua)(hua)應用(yong)，提升(sheng)電(dian)力系(xi)統調節(jie)能(neng)力。到2030年(nian)，南方五省區新(xin)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)新(xin)增裝(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)2億千瓦左(zuo)右，非化(hua)(hua)石(shi)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)占(zhan)比提升(sheng)至65%，發電(dian)量占(zhan)比提升(sheng)至61%。
二(er)是全面服(fu)務能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)方式(shi)變革，推(tui)動(dong)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)利(li)用(yong)效能(neng)(neng)提(ti)升。加快推(tui)動(dong)“新電(dian)氣化(hua)”進程，到(dao)2030年(nian)(nian)，助力南(nan)方五(wu)省區(qu)電(dian)能(neng)(neng)占終端能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)比(bi)重(zhong)由(you)2020年(nian)(nian)的32%提(ti)升至38%以上。積極(ji)拓展節能(neng)(neng)服(fu)務，統籌用(yong)戶電(dian)、熱、冷、氣等用(yong)能(neng)(neng)需(xu)求(qiu)，實現多種能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)互補運行(xing)，提(ti)高能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)綜(zong)合(he)利(li)用(yong)效率。配合(he)政府建立完善(shan)電(dian)力需(xu)求(qiu)響應機(ji)制(zhi)，激勵各類市(shi)場(chang)主體(ti)挖掘調(diao)峰(feng)資源(yuan)(yuan)，探索靈活多樣的市(shi)場(chang)化(hua)需(xu)求(qiu)響應交易模式(shi)，提(ti)升電(dian)力系統整體(ti)效率和效益，到(dao)2030年(nian)(nian)削減尖(jian)峰(feng)負(fu)荷約1500萬千瓦。
三是加快(kuai)構建(jian)(jian)現代(dai)化(hua)(hua)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)，提升清潔能源(yuan)(yuan)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)優(you)化(hua)(hua)配置能力。發(fa)揮區位優(you)勢，充分利(li)用國內國際(ji)能源(yuan)(yuan)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)，大力推進西電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)東送、北電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)南(nan)(nan)(nan)送，穩妥(tuo)推進跨境互(hu)聯，積極推動跨省區輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)通道規劃建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)，打(da)造更(geng)大范圍的(de)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)優(you)化(hua)(hua)配置平臺(tai)，爭取(qu)2030年(nian)前新增受入(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力2000萬(wan)千瓦，新增區外送電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)100%為(wei)清潔能源(yuan)(yuan)。構建(jian)(jian)“合(he)理分區、柔性(xing)互(hu)聯、安(an)全(quan)可控(kong)、開(kai)放互(hu)濟”的(de)南(nan)(nan)(nan)方電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)主網(wang)(wang)架，打(da)造世界一(yi)流的(de)粵港澳大灣區、深圳先(xian)行(xing)示(shi)范區、海南(nan)(nan)(nan)自(zi)由貿易(yi)港電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)，推進城市電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)升級，全(quan)面建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)現代(dai)農村電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)，推動電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)數(shu)字化(hua)(hua)轉型(xing)和智能化(hua)(hua)調控(kong)，優(you)化(hua)(hua)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)調度運(yun)行(xing)方式，提升電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)的(de)靈活性(xing)和適應性(xing)，最大程(cheng)度消納可再生能源(yuan)(yuan)。開(kai)展以綠電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)為(wei)核心的(de)碳達峰、碳中(zhong)和示(shi)范區建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)。實施(shi)綠色電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)，推動電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)設(she)(she)施(shi)與環(huan)境融(rong)合(he)發(fa)展，實現線損(sun)管理精益化(hua)(hua)，降低自(zi)身碳排放水(shui)平。
四(si)是推動低碳(tan)新(xin)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術創新(xin)發展，服務構建(jian)低碳(tan)新(xin)模式、新(xin)業態。實施高比例新(xin)能(neng)源接入(ru)電網的穩定運行控制(zhi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術、特(te)高壓直流輸電技(ji)(ji)(ji)術等(deng)(deng)關鍵技(ji)(ji)(ji)術攻(gong)關，開展電化學儲能(neng)、氫儲能(neng)等(deng)(deng)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術攻(gong)關及工程(cheng)示(shi)范，保障清(qing)潔能(neng)源規模開發、經濟消納(na)。深(shen)挖電力(li)系(xi)統調峰潛力(li)，聚合電動汽(qi)車調節潛力(li)，加(jia)快研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)構建(jian)虛擬電廠(chang)，提升電網靈(ling)活調節能(neng)力(li)。聚焦(jiao)國(guo)家(jia)重(zhong)大戰略(lve)和行業科技(ji)(ji)(ji)前沿，設(she)(she)立能(neng)源低碳(tan)發展研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)機構，加(jia)快低碳(tan)實驗室建(jian)設(she)(she)，培(pei)育(yu)國(guo)家(jia)級技(ji)(ji)(ji)術創新(xin)平臺。
五是推(tui)動南(nan)(nan)方(fang)區域統一(yi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)市(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)建(jian)(jian)設，服務構建(jian)(jian)適(shi)應低(di)碳(tan)發展(zhan)的(de)體制(zhi)(zhi)機制(zhi)(zhi)。深化電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)體制(zhi)(zhi)改革，建(jian)(jian)立(li)健全跨省(sheng)區清潔能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)消(xiao)納(na)機制(zhi)(zhi)，加(jia)快建(jian)(jian)設南(nan)(nan)方(fang)區域統一(yi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)市(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)，推(tui)動有(you)效市(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)和有(you)為(wei)政府(fu)更好(hao)結合。推(tui)動進一(yi)步優化完善輸(shu)配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)定價(jia)機制(zhi)(zhi)，研究完善抽水蓄能(neng)、調(diao)峰火電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)化學儲(chu)能(neng)等(deng)調(diao)節(jie)性(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)和成本(ben)疏(shu)導(dao)機制(zhi)(zhi)。探(tan)索建(jian)(jian)立(li)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)低(di)碳(tan)發展(zhan)指標(biao)體系(xi)，推(tui)動完善綠(lv)色電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)證書交(jiao)易(yi)市(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)建(jian)(jian)設，積極(ji)參與用能(neng)權(quan)、碳(tan)排放權(quan)市(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)建(jian)(jian)設，有(you)效促進社會的(de)低(di)碳(tan)發展(zhan)。
實(shi)現(xian)碳(tan)達峰(feng)、碳(tan)中和(he)(he)是一場(chang)硬仗。南方電(dian)網公司將在以習近平同志為(wei)核心的(de)黨中央堅強領導下，不斷增(zeng)強抓好綠色低碳(tan)發展的(de)本領，切實(shi)扛(kang)起責任，只(zhi)爭朝夕(xi)、努力奮斗,為(wei)我國實(shi)現(xian)碳(tan)達峰(feng)、碳(tan)中和(he)(he)目標(biao)，全面建(jian)設(she)社會主義現(xian)代化國家作出新的(de)更大貢(gong)獻。
（作者系中國南方電網有限責任公司董事長、黨組書記(ji) 孟(meng)振平）
【責任編輯：家正】