文章來源：經(jing)濟日(ri)報(bao) 發(fa)布時間：2018-07-10
6月(yue)26日，石家(jia)莊地(di)鐵(tie)1號(hao)線(xian)面向市(shi)民開(kai)通試運營。這是河北(bei)省第一條地(di)鐵(tie)，作為承(cheng)建方的(de)(de)中(zhong)國中(zhong)鐵(tie)股份有限公司承(cheng)受(shou)的(de)(de)壓力(li)可想而知。統(tong)計顯示，自2013年7月(yue)1日開(kai)工，至2017年6月(yue)26日開(kai)通試運營，4年的(de)(de)時(shi)間里，中(zhong)國中(zhong)鐵(tie)累(lei)計派出萬余人(ren)參建，總工期較合(he)同提前6個(ge)月(yue)交付完(wan)成，用“中(zhong)鐵(tie)速度(du)”再次刷新了行業紀錄(lu)。
一方(fang)面(mian)是工期緊張的壓(ya)力，另一方(fang)面(mian)是要為碧(bi)水藍天讓路，霧(wu)霾天氣需要停(ting)工，“中鐵速度(du)”是如何實現的？
“為把石家莊(zhuang)地(di)鐵(tie)(tie)1號(hao)(hao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)建(jian)成‘安(an)全地(di)鐵(tie)(tie)、綠色地(di)鐵(tie)(tie)、科(ke)技地(di)鐵(tie)(tie)、人(ren)文地(di)鐵(tie)(tie)’，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)(tie)首先成立了(le)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)(tie)北方投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)發(fa)展有限公(gong)司和中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)(tie)石家莊(zhuang)地(di)鐵(tie)(tie)1號(hao)(hao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)指揮部，系(xi)統(tong)負(fu)責地(di)鐵(tie)(tie)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)的相關工(gong)作。”中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)(tie)北方投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)公(gong)司總(zong)經理張金福(fu)介紹說，石家莊(zhuang)1號(hao)(hao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)地(di)鐵(tie)(tie)實行分期建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)，一(yi)(yi)期工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)由中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)(tie)以BT模式投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)，總(zong)長度23.9公(gong)里，均(jun)為地(di)下(xia)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，共設(she)(she)(she)車站20座。1號(hao)(hao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)一(yi)(yi)期工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)概算(suan)188.92億元(yuan)，其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)納入中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鐵(tie)(tie)BT投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)范圍設(she)(she)(she)計概算(suan)總(zong)價約85.6億元(yuan)，建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)總(zong)工(gong)期54個月。這一(yi)(yi)工(gong)期相比(bi)一(yi)(yi)些一(yi)(yi)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)城市的第一(yi)(yi)條地(di)鐵(tie)(tie)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)縮短(duan)了(le)1年至2年。
“石家莊地鐵1號線之(zhi)所以能提前完工(gong)，BT投(tou)(tou)資(zi)管理(li)模式功不可(ke)(ke)沒。”中鐵北方投(tou)(tou)資(zi)公司(si)執行董事(shi)、黨委書記董超說：“這種投(tou)(tou)資(zi)管理(li)模式尤其(qi)適合城(cheng)市基礎(chu)設施建設‘大兵(bing)團’作(zuo)戰(zhan)，可(ke)(ke)以集(ji)中專業力量(liang)、技術優勢迅速組(zu)織施工(gong)，確(que)保工(gong)期。”
簡單來說，BT模式就(jiu)是(shi)由施工方籌集建設資金，并(bing)負責(ze)專業(ye)化施工。業(ye)界評價認為，1號線是(shi)河北省地鐵建設的開山之作，也是(shi)首個采用BT投融資建設模式的地鐵工程項目，是(shi)政(zheng)企(qi)合作、互助互補的示范(fan)工程。
為(wei)適應創新的投資管(guan)理模式，中鐵創造(zao)性地(di)采用“庖丁解(jie)牛”工(gong)(gong)作法，把大項目精細化、難(nan)點(dian)標段分(fen)(fen)(fen)解(jie)化，做好“三個前(qian)移”，即由重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)施工(gong)(gong)前(qian)移為(wei)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)設計，由重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)前(qian)移為(wei)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)策劃，由重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)后期土建(jian)施工(gong)(gong)前(qian)移為(wei)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)前(qian)期工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)策劃。同時(shi)，將總體(ti)(ti)任務分(fen)(fen)(fen)解(jie)到各個年度，如2014年為(wei)“主體(ti)(ti)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)年”，2015年為(wei)“里(li)程(cheng)碑工(gong)(gong)期即洞(dong)通(tong)(tong)年”，2016年為(wei)“軌通(tong)(tong)電(dian)通(tong)(tong)年”，2017年為(wei)“通(tong)(tong)車履(lv)約年”，通(tong)(tong)過(guo)分(fen)(fen)(fen)解(jie)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)按(an)時(shi)保質(zhi)地(di)推進(jin)地(di)鐵建(jian)設。
專家(jia)表示，隨著京津冀一(yi)體化(hua)的逐步(bu)深化(hua)，干線(xian)鐵(tie)路、城際鐵(tie)路、市郊(jiao)鐵(tie)路和地(di)鐵(tie)等4層軌(gui)道網(wang)不斷織密，建設(she)速(su)度不斷加快。石家(jia)莊地(di)鐵(tie)1號(hao)線(xian)的BT投資模式無疑為下(xia)一(yi)步(bu)雄安(an)新區軌(gui)道交通建設(she)積累(lei)了經驗。（齊 慧）
來源：經濟日(ri)報 2017年7月10日(ri) 第10版(ban)