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盡管入圍門檻提高(gao)至237.2億(yi)美元，但在最新出(chu)爐的2015年《財富》世界500強(qiang)排(pai)行(xing)榜(bang)中(zhong)(zhong)，中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)上(shang)榜(bang)企(qi)業(ye)繼續(xu)保持強(qiang)勁增(zeng)(zeng)長態勢，比(bi)上(shang)年度(du)增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)6家(jia)(jia)，達到(dao)106家(jia)(jia)，上(shang)榜(bang)企(qi)業(ye)數量穩居世界第二。中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)企(qi)業(ye)上(shang)榜(bang)數量不斷增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)，與中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)經(jing)(jing)濟在全球經(jing)(jing)濟中(zhong)(zhong)的地位與作用更加(jia)(jia)相稱。隨著中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)經(jing)(jing)濟持續(xu)健康發展，將有越來越多的中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)企(qi)業(ye)站上(shang)世界舞臺。

在最(zui)新的(de)《財富》世界500強排行榜(bang)上(shang)(shang)，中國(guo)上(shang)(shang)榜(bang)公司數量繼續(xu)增長，今年達到106家。在全球經濟復蘇乏力(li)，各國(guo)企(qi)業盈利水平普(pu)遍(bian)降低之際，中國(guo)企(qi)業整體盈利能力(li)相對(dui)上(shang)(shang)升(sheng)，特別是銀行、能源與通信企(qi)業。從行業分布看，中國(guo)企(qi)業在全球各個領(ling)域的(de)競(jing)爭能力(li)也在穩步提(ti)升(sheng)。

據悉，《財富》世界(jie)500強排行榜今年的入圍門(men)檻提高至237.2億美(mei)元(yuan)(yuan)；總收入達31.2萬(wan)億美(mei)元(yuan)(yuan)，比(bi)上年增長了(le)0.49%；但總利潤比(bi)去年減少了(le)14.76%，為1.67萬(wan)億美(mei)元(yuan)(yuan)。今年排名前三(san)的公司依次為：沃爾(er)瑪(ma)、中石化、殼牌(pai)石油(you)。中石化在榜上排名比(bi)去年上升(sheng)一位(wei)，排名超過(guo)殼牌(pai)石油(you)，成為榜單亞(ya)軍(jun)。

如果按利潤將所有(you)上榜公(gong)(gong)司(si)從高到低排(pai)列，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國工商銀(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)以(yi)447.6億美元的(de)利潤成為今年世界500強(qiang)利潤最高的(de)公(gong)(gong)司(si)。其他進入盈(ying)利前50名的(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國公(gong)(gong)司(si)還有(you)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國建設銀(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國農業(ye)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國銀(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國石油天然氣集團(tuan)(tuan)公(gong)(gong)司(si)、國家(jia)開發銀(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)、交通銀(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國移動通信集團(tuan)(tuan)公(gong)(gong)司(si)、國家(jia)電網公(gong)(gong)司(si)、招(zhao)商銀(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)、和記黃埔有(you)限(xian)公(gong)(gong)司(si)、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國海洋石油總(zong)公(gong)(gong)司(si)、臺積電，總(zong)共12家(jia)，占比(bi)24％。其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)與能源企業(ye)占絕對多數，主力軍多為國有(you)企業(ye)。

在虧損(sun)最多的50家公(gong)(gong)(gong)司中(zhong)(zhong)，中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)占(zhan)據14席，占(zhan)比28％。按虧損(sun)數(shu)額從(cong)多到少依次為中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)鋁(lv)業(ye)(ye)(ye)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司、鞍鋼集(ji)團公(gong)(gong)(gong)司、臺(tai)灣中(zhong)(zhong)油(you)股份有限公(gong)(gong)(gong)司、開(kai)灤集(ji)團、大同煤(mei)礦集(ji)團有限責任公(gong)(gong)(gong)司、河南能源化(hua)工(gong)(gong)集(ji)團、中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)五礦集(ji)團公(gong)(gong)(gong)司、冀中(zhong)(zhong)能源集(ji)團、陜(shan)西煤(mei)業(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)工(gong)(gong)集(ji)團、中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)機械工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)集(ji)團有限公(gong)(gong)(gong)司、河北鋼鐵集(ji)團、中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)化(hua)工(gong)(gong)集(ji)團公(gong)(gong)(gong)司、山(shan)東(dong)能源集(ji)團有限公(gong)(gong)(gong)司、潞安(an)集(ji)團。從(cong)行業(ye)(ye)(ye)看，中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)礦業(ye)(ye)(ye)、煤(mei)業(ye)(ye)(ye)與全球能源企業(ye)(ye)(ye)面(mian)臨同樣挑戰。

榜上(shang)(shang)(shang)排(pai)名上(shang)(shang)(shang)升最快的中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)糧集(ji)(ji)團(tuan)(tuan)有(you)限公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)，排(pai)名從去年的第(di)401位(wei)(wei)上(shang)(shang)(shang)升至今年的272位(wei)(wei)。其次(ci)是(shi)招商(shang)銀行，排(pai)名由(you)第(di)350位(wei)(wei)上(shang)(shang)(shang)升至235位(wei)(wei)。在新上(shang)(shang)(shang)榜與重新上(shang)(shang)(shang)榜的23家(jia)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)中(zhong)(zhong)，中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)獨(du)占10家(jia)，分別(bie)是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)鐵(tie)路工程總公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)、陜西煤業(ye)化(hua)工集(ji)(ji)團(tuan)(tuan)、中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)光大集(ji)(ji)團(tuan)(tuan)、仁寶(bao)電腦、中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)航天科技集(ji)(ji)團(tuan)(tuan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)、中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)保(bao)利集(ji)(ji)團(tuan)(tuan)、海航集(ji)(ji)團(tuan)(tuan)、友(you)邦(bang)保(bao)險、國(guo)(guo)(guo)泰人壽保(bao)險股份有(you)限公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)、臺積電。陜西煤業(ye)化(hua)工集(ji)(ji)團(tuan)(tuan)、中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)光大集(ji)(ji)團(tuan)(tuan)、中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)航天科技集(ji)(ji)團(tuan)(tuan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)、中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)保(bao)利集(ji)(ji)團(tuan)(tuan)、海航集(ji)(ji)團(tuan)(tuan)等5家(jia)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)內地公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)首(shou)次(ci)上(shang)(shang)(shang)榜。從排(pai)名上(shang)(shang)(shang)升與新入圍(wei)名單(dan)看，再次(ci)印證中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)金融(rong)企業(ye)的整體(ti)實力上(shang)(shang)(shang)升。

中國(guo)(guo)內(nei)地上(shang)榜的民營企(qi)業(ye)(ye)中，華為投資控(kong)股有限(xian)公(gong)司(si)排名(ming)(ming)由去年的第(di)(di)285位(wei)(wei)上(shang)升至(zhi)第(di)(di)228位(wei)(wei)、中國(guo)(guo)民生銀行排名(ming)(ming)上(shang)升至(zhi)第(di)(di)281位(wei)(wei)、浙(zhe)江吉利控(kong)股集(ji)團排名(ming)(ming)下降至(zhi)第(di)(di)477位(wei)(wei)。民營企(qi)業(ye)(ye)雖然(ran)入圍的數(shu)量(liang)有限(xian)，但(dan)從排名(ming)(ming)總體上(shang)升看(kan)其競爭力繼續呈(cheng)現穩步增強趨勢(shi)。解決就業(ye)(ye)能力是體現企(qi)業(ye)(ye)對經濟社會發展整體貢獻的重要指標。在前50家員(yuan)工人數(shu)最多(duo)的企(qi)業(ye)(ye)中，中國(guo)(guo)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)獨占17家，其中中國(guo)(guo)石(shi)油天然(ran)氣集(ji)團公(gong)司(si)擁有員(yuan)工163萬多(duo)名(ming)(ming)，僅次(ci)于沃爾(er)瑪(ma)的220萬人，位(wei)(wei)居全球第(di)(di)二。

今年(nian)的(de)《財(cai)富》世界(jie)500強(qiang)入圍企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)涉及63個行(xing)業(ye)(ye)，主要(yao)集中(zhong)在(zai)銀行(xing)、能(neng)源、車輛(liang)與(yu)零部件(jian)、采礦、保險(xian)、百貨、電(dian)信、公用設施、電(dian)子與(yu)電(dian)氣(qi)設備、金屬產品、工程與(yu)建筑、貿(mao)易、航天與(yu)防務(wu)、制(zhi)藥行(xing)業(ye)(ye)。中(zhong)國(guo)雖然在(zai)現代服務(wu)、高端制(zhi)造等(deng)20個行(xing)業(ye)(ye)仍然缺位，與(yu)美(mei)國(guo)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)存在(zai)較(jiao)大差(cha)距，但是(shi)近年(nian)來中(zhong)國(guo)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)上(shang)升勢(shi)頭強(qiang)勁(jing)，與(yu)美(mei)國(guo)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)差(cha)距逐步縮(suo)小。

在(zai)(zai)2013年(nian)世(shi)界500強排行(xing)榜中，有95家(jia)中國企(qi)業(ye)(ye)上榜，2014年(nian)增(zeng)加到100家(jia)，今(jin)年(nian)又(you)增(zeng)至106家(jia)。中國企(qi)業(ye)(ye)在(zai)(zai)世(shi)界500強排行(xing)榜中第二軍團的地(di)位進一步穩固。雖然中國企(qi)業(ye)(ye)在(zai)(zai)世(shi)界500強排行(xing)榜中的數(shu)量(liang)不斷(duan)攀升，企(qi)業(ye)(ye)平均收入和資產的數(shu)量(liang)大幅增(zeng)長(chang)，但(dan)是(shi)體(ti)現(xian)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)競爭力的關鍵數(shu)據，如企(qi)業(ye)(ye)人均利(li)潤與其他世(shi)界500強公司相比仍然存在(zai)(zai)差距，需要更加重視發展(zhan)質量(liang)。

（本文章摘自(zi)7月24日《經濟日報》，資料來源為《財富》雜志）