文章來源:經濟日報 發布時間:2020-10-22

泛在電(dian)力物聯(lian)網(wang),是充分應用(yong)(yong)移(yi)動互聯(lian)、人(ren)工智能等現代(dai)信(xin)息技術(shu)、先進通信(xin)技術(shu),實現電(dian)力系(xi)統各個環節萬物互聯(lian)、人(ren)機交互,具有狀態全面感知、信(xin)息高效(xiao)(xiao)處理(li)、應用(yong)(yong)便捷靈(ling)活(huo)特征(zheng)的智慧服務系(xi)統。這(zhe)一系(xi)統將會使電(dian)網(wang)變得(de)更“聰明”,也能夠帶(dai)動更多相(xiang)關產(chan)業產(chan)生協(xie)同效(xiao)(xiao)應,改變我們(men)的生產(chan)生活(huo)——
泛(fan)在電(dian)(dian)(dian)力物(wu)(wu)聯(lian)網(wang)建(jian)設開(kai)始提速。10月14日(ri),國家電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)公司發布《泛(fan)在電(dian)(dian)(dian)力物(wu)(wu)聯(lian)網(wang)白皮書2019》,提出泛(fan)在電(dian)(dian)(dian)力物(wu)(wu)聯(lian)網(wang)建(jian)設分為兩個(ge)階段(duan)。第(di)一個(ge)階段(duan),到2021年(nian)初(chu)步建(jian)成泛(fan)在電(dian)(dian)(dian)力物(wu)(wu)聯(lian)網(wang)。第(di)二個(ge)階段(duan),到2024年(nian)建(jian)成泛(fan)在電(dian)(dian)(dian)力物(wu)(wu)聯(lian)網(wang)。今年(nian)重點圍繞著力構建(jian)能源生態、迭代打造企(qi)業中(zhong)臺(tai)、協同推進(jin)智(zhi)慧物(wu)(wu)聯(lian)、同步推進(jin)管理優化4條主線,明(ming)確了57項建(jian)設任務和25項綜合示范。
從“用好電”到“用好能”
在(zai)2009年提出“堅強(qiang)智(zhi)能(neng)電網(wang)(wang)發(fa)展(zhan)戰(zhan)略”并(bing)高速建(jian)(jian)設(she)發(fa)展(zhan)10年之(zhi)后,國家電網(wang)(wang)公(gong)司在(zai)2019年1月份召開的工(gong)作會議上提出建(jian)(jian)設(she)“三型兩(liang)網(wang)(wang)”,其中(zhong)的“兩(liang)網(wang)(wang)”,即堅強(qiang)智(zhi)能(neng)電網(wang)(wang)和泛在(zai)電力物聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)。在(zai)3月份的專項(xiang)部署會上,國家電網(wang)(wang)有限(xian)公(gong)司董事(shi)長(chang)寇偉強(qiang)調“當前(qian)公(gong)司最(zui)緊迫、最(zui)重(zhong)要的任務就是(shi)加快推進泛在(zai)電力物聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)建(jian)(jian)設(she)”。
對于(yu)泛(fan)在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力物(wu)(wu)聯網這(zhe)個新概念,國家電(dian)(dian)(dian)網公司給出的(de)解釋(shi)是,圍繞電(dian)(dian)(dian)力系統(tong)各環(huan)(huan)節(jie),充(chong)分應(ying)(ying)用移動互(hu)聯、人工智能等現代信息技(ji)術(shu)、先(xian)進通信技(ji)術(shu),實現電(dian)(dian)(dian)力系統(tong)各個環(huan)(huan)節(jie)萬物(wu)(wu)互(hu)聯、人機交(jiao)互(hu),具有狀態(tai)全面感知、信息高(gao)效處理、應(ying)(ying)用便(bian)捷靈(ling)活(huo)特征(zheng)的(de)智慧服務系統(tong)。
簡(jian)單說,泛在電(dian)力物(wu)聯網(wang)本質上就(jiu)(jiu)是一個物(wu)聯網(wang)。電(dian)力物(wu)聯網(wang),就(jiu)(jiu)是把電(dian)力系(xi)統里的(de)各(ge)種(zhong)設備、電(dian)力企業、用戶相(xiang)聯,形成(cheng)一個網(wang),所謂的(de)泛在就(jiu)(jiu)是無處不在的(de)意(yi)思(si)。
其實,在(zai)泛(fan)在(zai)電(dian)力物(wu)(wu)聯網(wang)概念提出前,它已經在(zai)人們生(sheng)活中廣泛(fan)應用(yong)(yong)了。比如,人們可(ke)以方(fang)便地(di)利用(yong)(yong)手機交電(dian)費,就(jiu)是(shi)因為物(wu)(wu)聯網(wang)將(jiang)手機和家中的(de)(de)智能電(dian)表相連了。當然,這只是(shi)泛(fan)在(zai)電(dian)力物(wu)(wu)聯網(wang)在(zai)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)側的(de)(de)應用(yong)(yong)。事(shi)實上,泛(fan)在(zai)電(dian)力物(wu)(wu)聯網(wang)將(jiang)覆蓋生(sheng)產(chan)、生(sheng)活的(de)(de)方(fang)方(fang)面(mian)面(mian)。
“泛在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)物聯網(wang)(wang),就是用(yong)(yong)(yong)數(shu)字技術為傳統電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)賦能,不斷提(ti)升(sheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)的感知能力(li)、互動水平和(he)運行(xing)效率,有力(li)支撐各種能源接入和(he)綜合利用(yong)(yong)(yong),實現(xian)由‘用(yong)(yong)(yong)好電(dian)(dian)(dian)’向‘用(yong)(yong)(yong)好能’轉(zhuan)變。”國家(jia)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)互聯網(wang)(wang)部副主(zhu)任汪峰說。
電網運行更加靈便
從年初(chu)提出泛在(zai)(zai)電力(li)(li)物聯網(wang)建設以(yi)來,國家電網(wang)公司已(yi)經在(zai)(zai)部分地區和部分電力(li)(li)環節,嘗(chang)試應用移動互(hu)聯、人(ren)工智能(neng)等技(ji)術,讓電網(wang)變得(de)更“聰明(ming)”。
停電(dian)(dian)次數(shu)不斷減少,停電(dian)(dian)時間不斷縮短(duan)。如今,在中國的廣大(da)城市和鄉村,人們都能感受到用電(dian)(dian)質量(liang)大(da)幅提升,這得(de)益于泛在電(dian)(dian)力物聯網(wang)建(jian)設(she)。汪(wang)峰表示,通(tong)過推動電(dian)(dian)網(wang)數(shu)字化轉型,全(quan)面提升電(dian)(dian)網(wang)的感知能力、互動水(shui)平、運(yun)行(xing)(xing)效率和自愈能力,使得(de)供電(dian)(dian)質量(liang)更(geng)優質,電(dian)(dian)網(wang)運(yun)行(xing)(xing)更(geng)安全(quan)。
在促(cu)進清潔(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)消納(na)方面,通過推動(dong)清潔(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)發電全息感知、智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)分析、精準預測(ce),有力支撐各類清潔(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)接入,提升清潔(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)消納(na)水(shui)平。今年1月份至8月份,國家電網公(gong)司經營區域已累計消納(na)新能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)電量3944億千瓦時,同比(bi)增(zeng)長15.9%。
此外,“充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)難”一(yi)直是(shi)我(wo)國(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽車(che)推(tui)廣的重要問題。“目前,我(wo)國(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽車(che)保有(you)量(liang)已(yi)突破360萬輛(liang),占全球比重超過50%,居(ju)民區建樁、充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)需求日益增(zeng)加,我(wo)們依托泛在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力物聯網建設,創造性地提出了智能(neng)有(you)序充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的解決(jue)方(fang)案。”國(guo)家電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網公司營銷部副主任劉繼東透露(lu),經過試點驗證(zheng),80%的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽車(che)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)被優化(hua)調整到負(fu)荷低(di)谷時(shi)段,用(yong)戶充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)需求得到有(you)效保障。按照計劃,到2021年將推(tui)廣居(ju)住(zhu)區智能(neng)有(you)序充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁3萬個。
在(zai)提高能源綜合利用(yong)效率方面,依托(tuo)泛在(zai)電力物聯網(wang)(wang)建(jian)設(she),大(da)力推進各類能源設(she)施與電網(wang)(wang)廣(guang)泛互(hu)聯和深度感知,可(ke)以促進能源高效轉換利用(yong),降(jiang)低企(qi)業(ye)(ye)用(yong)能成(cheng)(cheng)本。劉繼(ji)東表示,通過聚(ju)焦工(gong)業(ye)(ye)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)、園(yuan)區(qu)用(yong)能特征,構建(jian)可(ke)調(diao)負荷(he)及用(yong)能優化(hua)模型,可(ke)為用(yong)戶提供智慧(hui)用(yong)能服(fu)務。南京南鋼集團、無錫紅豆工(gong)業(ye)(ye)園(yuan)區(qu)示范項目每年(nian)可(ke)為用(yong)戶節(jie)約用(yong)能費用(yong)300萬元,減少(shao)碳排放5000噸。計劃到2021年(nian)完成(cheng)(cheng)2000家工(gong)業(ye)(ye)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)、100個園(yuan)區(qu)的推廣(guang)應用(yong)。
產業協同加大投入
近年(nian)來(lai),“平臺(tai)”“共享”是國家電網(wang)公(gong)司,尤其是涉及(ji)泛在電力(li)物聯(lian)網(wang)建(jian)設(she)時頻繁提(ti)及(ji)的兩大關鍵詞。
早在(zai)去年,國(guo)家電(dian)網公(gong)司與中國(guo)鐵塔股份有(you)限公(gong)司簽署戰(zhan)略合(he)作(zuo)協議,雙(shuang)方將(jiang)開啟“共享(xiang)(xiang)鐵塔”全新合(he)作(zuo)模式(shi),標志著電(dian)力、通(tong)(tong)(tong)信兩大行(xing)業間資(zi)源共享(xiang)(xiang)取(qu)得(de)突破性進(jin)展。“推進(jin)泛在(zai)電(dian)力物聯(lian)網建設,將(jiang)促進(jin)電(dian)網更加開放(fang)共享(xiang)(xiang)。”汪(wang)峰說,要通(tong)(tong)(tong)過開放(fang)電(dian)網基(ji)礎(chu)資(zi)源、實驗室研究資(zi)源等,與政府、社(she)會(hui)及相關行(xing)業實現共享(xiang)(xiang),激活(huo)、引導(dao)和(he)連接各類社(she)會(hui)資(zi)源,支撐設備、數據、服務的互聯(lian)互通(tong)(tong)(tong),推動各方共享(xiang)(xiang)共贏。
具(ju)體來看,在(zai)綜(zong)(zong)合(he)(he)能(neng)(neng)源產(chan)(chan)業(ye)方面,國(guo)家(jia)電(dian)網聯(lian)合(he)(he)南方電(dian)網、華能(neng)(neng)集團、大(da)唐集團等(deng)20余(yu)家(jia)單位,發起成(cheng)立了中國(guo)綜(zong)(zong)合(he)(he)能(neng)(neng)源服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)創新發展聯(lian)盟。“下一步(bu),將加大(da)與外部企業(ye)合(he)(he)作,合(he)(he)力(li)推進綜(zong)(zong)合(he)(he)能(neng)(neng)源服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)技術研究、科研成(cheng)果(guo)轉化和(he)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)產(chan)(chan)品開發,共同做(zuo)大(da)綜(zong)(zong)合(he)(he)能(neng)(neng)效服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)‘朋友(you)圈’。”劉繼東說。
在電動(dong)(dong)汽車產業方面,國家電網依托車聯網平(ping)臺和廣域覆蓋充(chong)電網絡,廣泛(fan)接入(ru)各類社會充(chong)電樁,聚合(he)電動(dong)(dong)汽車企業、城市(shi)出行、車輛維保(bao)、金融保(bao)險等資(zi)源(yuan),構建起“充(chong)電+產品”一(yi)站(zhan)式(shi)服務(wu)(wu)運營體系,累(lei)計接入(ru)充(chong)電樁31萬個(ge),服務(wu)(wu)客(ke)戶超過(guo)193萬。計劃(hua)到(dao)2021年,接入(ru)充(chong)電樁120萬個(ge)、用戶500萬戶。
毫無疑問,泛(fan)(fan)在(zai)(zai)(zai)電(dian)力(li)物(wu)聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)將是國家電(dian)網(wang)(wang)未來5年建(jian)設(she)的重(zhong)點。從各方跡象(xiang)來看(kan),行業(ye)已(yi)經逐漸邁入建(jian)設(she)加速(su)期。資料顯(xian)示(shi),國家電(dian)網(wang)(wang)近30家省公司(si)對泛(fan)(fan)在(zai)(zai)(zai)電(dian)力(li)物(wu)聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)建(jian)設(she)已(yi)設(she)立(li)了計劃(hua)目標(biao)(biao):國網(wang)(wang)北(bei)京市(shi)電(dian)力(li)公司(si)制(zhi)定的《關于泛(fan)(fan)在(zai)(zai)(zai)電(dian)力(li)物(wu)聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)建(jian)設(she)工作行動計劃(hua)》已(yi)經出(chu)爐;國網(wang)(wang)湖北(bei)省電(dian)力(li)有限公司(si)則圍(wei)繞(rao)泛(fan)(fan)在(zai)(zai)(zai)電(dian)力(li)物(wu)聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)建(jian)設(she)第一階(jie)段目標(biao)(biao),初步確定了20個(ge)示(shi)范(fan)項目和11個(ge)研(yan)究創(chuang)新課題,迭代推進(jin)泛(fan)(fan)在(zai)(zai)(zai)電(dian)力(li)物(wu)聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)建(jian)設(she)與(yu)應用;國網(wang)(wang)上(shang)海(hai)市(shi)電(dian)力(li)公司(si)與(yu)上(shang)海(hai)交通大(da)學合作建(jian)設(she)了泛(fan)(fan)在(zai)(zai)(zai)電(dian)力(li)物(wu)聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)智(zhi)能(neng)感(gan)知實(shi)驗室。
據機(ji)構測算,國家電(dian)網(wang)公(gong)司年均泛(fan)在電(dian)力(li)物聯(lian)網(wang)范圍內的(de)資(zi)本開支有(you)望從100億元(yuan)(yuan)至200億元(yuan)(yuan)上升到(dao)400億元(yuan)(yuan)至600億元(yuan)(yuan),包含(han)云平臺、終端采集、信(xin)(xin)息安全等方面的(de)電(dian)力(li)信(xin)(xin)息通(tong)信(xin)(xin)相(xiang)關行(xing)業(ye)。
【責任(ren)編輯:趙藝涵】