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黨(dang)的十(shi)九屆(jie)五(wu)中全會《建(jian)議》提出，“十(shi)四五(wu)”時期經濟社會發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)要(yao)以推動高質(zhi)(zhi)量發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)為(wei)主題。“十(shi)四五(wu)”時期，我們要(yao)緊(jin)扣推動高質(zhi)(zhi)量發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)這個主題，著力提升發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)質(zhi)(zhi)量和效益。

高質量發展的(de)(de)第一(yi)動(dong)力是創(chuang)新，創(chuang)新在我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)代化(hua)建(jian)設全局中居于核心地(di)位。黨的(de)(de)十九大報告指(zhi)出，到本(ben)世紀中葉(xie)，把我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)建(jian)成(cheng)富強(qiang)民(min)主(zhu)文明和諧美麗的(de)(de)社會主(zhu)義(yi)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)代化(hua)強(qiang)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)在現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)代化(hua)進(jin)程中必(bi)然(ran)(ran)要(yao)(yao)經歷一(yi)個(ge)從(cong)追趕到趕超發達國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家的(de)(de)過(guo)程，由此決定我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)所要(yao)(yao)推進(jin)的(de)(de)科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)進(jin)步不能停(ting)留在跟跑水(shui)平，不但要(yao)(yao)實(shi)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)并(bing)跑，而(er)且要(yao)(yao)在某些領域(yu)實(shi)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)領跑。引(yin)進(jin)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)外先進(jin)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術固然(ran)(ran)可以推動(dong)科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)進(jin)步，但實(shi)踐證明，最前沿(yan)的(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術是引(yin)不進(jin)來的(de)(de)，甚至(zhi)會遇到技(ji)(ji)(ji)術封鎖。這就(jiu)提出了科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)自(zi)立自(zi)強(qiang)的(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)。把科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)自(zi)立自(zi)強(qiang)作(zuo)為國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家發展的(de)(de)戰(zhan)略支撐(cheng)，需(xu)要(yao)(yao)加強(qiang)基(ji)礎研(yan)究，注(zhu)重(zhong)(zhong)原始(shi)創(chuang)新和前沿(yan)核心技(ji)(ji)(ji)術創(chuang)新，堅持面(mian)(mian)向世界科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)前沿(yan)、面(mian)(mian)向經濟主(zhu)戰(zhan)場(chang)、面(mian)(mian)向國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家重(zhong)(zhong)大需(xu)求(qiu)、面(mian)(mian)向人民(min)生(sheng)命健康(kang)，在引(yin)領性原創(chuang)成(cheng)果方面(mian)(mian)取(qu)得(de)重(zhong)(zhong)大突破，加快推動(dong)科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)創(chuang)新。

高質量(liang)發展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)(yao)支撐(cheng)是(shi)建(jian)(jian)設自主(zhu)可控的(de)(de)(de)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)，需(xu)要(yao)(yao)促(cu)進科(ke)技(ji)(ji)創新(xin)與(yu)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)創新(xin)融(rong)合。人(ren)(ren)類社會的(de)(de)(de)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)化進程(cheng)，主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)是(shi)由(you)科(ke)技(ji)(ji)革命和(he)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)革命推動的(de)(de)(de)。我國開啟全面建(jian)(jian)設社會主(zhu)義現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)化國家新(xin)征程(cheng)，需(xu)要(yao)(yao)抓(zhua)住以信(xin)息(xi)化為(wei)(wei)標志的(de)(de)(de)新(xin)一輪科(ke)技(ji)(ji)革命和(he)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)變革機遇，加(jia)快建(jian)(jian)設現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)。不僅要(yao)(yao)發展(zhan)體(ti)(ti)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)化水平的(de)(de)(de)新(xin)一代(dai)(dai)(dai)信(xin)息(xi)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)，還(huan)要(yao)(yao)發展(zhan)應用信(xin)息(xi)化最新(xin)成果(guo)的(de)(de)(de)各類產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)，也(ye)就是(shi)互聯網、大(da)數據(ju)和(he)人(ren)(ren)工智(zhi)能與(yu)實體(ti)(ti)經(jing)(jing)濟深度融(rong)合的(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)。為(wei)(wei)此需(xu)要(yao)(yao)解決好從(cong)“科(ke)學”到“技(ji)(ji)術”的(de)(de)(de)轉化問題，打通從(cong)科(ke)技(ji)(ji)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)到產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)、經(jing)(jing)濟強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)、國家強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)的(de)(de)(de)通道，建(jian)(jian)立有利于(yu)創新(xin)成果(guo)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)化的(de)(de)(de)機制(zhi)。自主(zhu)可控的(de)(de)(de)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)與(yu)自立自強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)的(de)(de)(de)科(ke)技(ji)(ji)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)相得益彰，將成為(wei)(wei)現(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)化的(de)(de)(de)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)有力支撐(cheng)。

高質(zhi)量發展(zhan)的(de)重要體現(xian)(xian)是建立資源(yuan)節約、環境友(you)好(hao)的(de)現(xian)(xian)代(dai)化的(de)綠色(se)(se)發展(zhan)體系(xi)。生(sheng)(sheng)態也是財富(fu)(fu)，藍天白云、青山綠水(shui)是老(lao)百姓能夠切身感受(shou)到(dao)的(de)現(xian)(xian)代(dai)化成果。現(xian)(xian)代(dai)化不僅要創造(zao)更(geng)多物質(zhi)財富(fu)(fu)和(he)精神財富(fu)(fu)，而且要創造(zao)更(geng)多生(sheng)(sheng)態產品以滿(man)足人(ren)民(min)日(ri)益(yi)增長的(de)美好(hao)生(sheng)(sheng)活需要。要加快(kuai)推動綠色(se)(se)循環低碳發展(zhan)，基(ji)本(ben)路(lu)徑(jing)是依靠科技創新發展(zhan)綠色(se)(se)技術(shu)和(he)綠色(se)(se)產業、降低能源(yuan)消耗(hao)和(he)減少排放。

加(jia)快構建以國內大(da)(da)循環(huan)(huan)(huan)為(wei)主(zhu)體、國內國際雙循環(huan)(huan)(huan)相(xiang)互促進的(de)(de)(de)(de)新(xin)(xin)發展格局，是(shi)進入新(xin)(xin)發展階段實現高(gao)質(zhi)量發展的(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)大(da)(da)舉(ju)措。近年來(lai)，經(jing)濟全球化遭(zao)遇逆流(liu)，單邊(bian)主(zhu)義、保護主(zhu)義上(shang)(shang)(shang)升，再(zai)加(jia)上(shang)(shang)(shang)新(xin)(xin)冠肺炎疫情全球大(da)(da)流(liu)行(xing)導致世界(jie)經(jing)濟嚴重(zhong)衰退，全球產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)供(gong)應鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)面(mian)臨調(diao)整和重(zhong)塑。在(zai)此背景(jing)下(xia)，我(wo)們不僅需(xu)要疏通(tong)(tong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)上(shang)(shang)(shang)下(xia)游關系，保持(chi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)供(gong)應鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)穩定性(xing)(xing)和競爭力，而且需(xu)要建立自主(zhu)可控的(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)。其中(zhong)(zhong)，最(zui)重(zhong)要的(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)盡快改變我(wo)國關鍵核(he)心技(ji)術受制(zhi)于人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)局面(mian)，增(zeng)加(jia)創造新(xin)(xin)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、引領(ling)未來(lai)發展的(de)(de)(de)(de)科(ke)技(ji)儲(chu)備，推(tui)動我(wo)國產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)邁(mai)向(xiang)全球產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)價值鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)中(zhong)(zhong)高(gao)端。為(wei)此，必須堅持(chi)供(gong)給側結構性(xing)(xing)改革的(de)(de)(de)(de)戰略方向(xiang)，提升供(gong)給體系對(dui)(dui)國內需(xu)求的(de)(de)(de)(de)適配(pei)性(xing)(xing)，打通(tong)(tong)經(jing)濟循環(huan)(huan)(huan)堵(du)點(dian)，增(zeng)強(qiang)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)供(gong)應鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)完整性(xing)(xing)。其基本路徑是(shi)圍繞產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)部(bu)署創新(xin)(xin)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)，使產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)與創新(xin)(xin)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)深度(du)融合(he)。某(mou)些發達國家對(dui)(dui)我(wo)國在(zai)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)上(shang)(shang)(shang)封殺、斷供(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)環(huan)(huan)(huan)節，也是(shi)我(wo)們部(bu)署創新(xin)(xin)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)點(dian)，需(xu)要在(zai)這些環(huan)(huan)(huan)節形(xing)成(cheng)具有自主(zhu)知識(shi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)權的(de)(de)(de)(de)核(he)心技(ji)術和關鍵技(ji)術，建立自主(zhu)可控的(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)。新(xin)(xin)發展格局是(shi)開放(fang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)國內國際雙循環(huan)(huan)(huan)，需(xu)要實行(xing)更高(gao)水平的(de)(de)(de)(de)對(dui)(dui)外開放(fang)。根(gen)據國內發展需(xu)要，對(dui)(dui)外開放(fang)應重(zhong)視創新(xin)(xin)導向(xiang)，注重(zhong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)結構升級(ji)，特別是(shi)引進創新(xin)(xin)資(zi)源，發展戰略性(xing)(xing)新(xin)(xin)興產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。（洪銀興）

【責任編輯：語謙】