文章來源：國家電網有限公司 發布時間：2019-06-14
國(guo)(guo)家電(dian)網(wang)公司認真貫徹落實(shi)黨中(zhong)央(yang)、國(guo)(guo)務院(yuan)決策部署，服務大局，在國(guo)(guo)家重(zhong)大戰略布局中(zhong)承擔重(zhong)任(ren)，全面推進改(gai)革(ge)向縱深發展(zhan)；圍(wei)繞改(gai)善人民(min)(min)生(sheng)(sheng)活，大力推進農電(dian)體制改(gai)革(ge)、實(shi)施農網(wang)改(gai)造升級、帶動貧困人口和邊疆地區脫貧致(zhi)富奔(ben)小康(kang)，讓發展(zhan)成果惠及人民(min)(min)，點亮了人民(min)(min)的生(sheng)(sheng)活，也支撐起人民(min)(min)對美好(hao)生(sheng)(sheng)活的向往。
農電體制改革 讓縣域經濟“活起來”
長(chang)期以(yi)(yi)來，我國農村(cun)供(gong)(gong)電(dian)企業管(guan)理(li)體制(zhi)(zhi)存(cun)在“直供(gong)(gong)直管(guan)”“代管(guan)”“自(zi)供(gong)(gong)自(zi)管(guan)”“股份制(zhi)(zhi)”等(deng)多種類型。這(zhe)一農電(dian)體制(zhi)(zhi)導(dao)致(zhi)城鄉電(dian)網(wang)之間難(nan)以(yi)(yi)真正實(shi)現統(tong)籌規劃和建設，縣供(gong)(gong)電(dian)企業自(zi)我管(guan)理(li)能(neng)力弱(ruo)，農村(cun)電(dian)網(wang)投資欠賬多、管(guan)理(li)基礎(chu)薄弱(ruo)，農村(cun)電(dian)網(wang)發展不平衡的矛盾日益突出，制(zhi)(zhi)約了農村(cun)經濟社會(hui)發展，農電(dian)管(guan)理(li)體制(zhi)(zhi)改(gai)革勢在必行。對此，國務院(yuan)于2016年(nian)(nian)印發了《關于轉發國家發改(gai)委關于“十三五”期間實(shi)施新一輪(lun)農村(cun)電(dian)網(wang)改(gai)造升級工(gong)程(cheng)意見的通知》，要求到(dao)2020年(nian)(nian)末全部(bu)取消“代管(guan)體制(zhi)(zhi)”。
根據國(guo)務(wu)院文件要求(qiu)，國(guo)家電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)組(zu)織(zhi)實(shi)施了(le)(le)部(bu)分(fen)代(dai)管(guan)、股(gu)份制縣(xian)公司(si)(si)上(shang)劃(hua)(hua)工作(zuo)。代(dai)管(guan)企業(ye)上(shang)劃(hua)(hua)后，縣(xian)域農(nong)村電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)納入了(le)(le)全國(guo)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)‘大(da)(da)盤子’，從根本上(shang)破除了(le)(le)制約農(nong)村電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)發展(zhan)的體制障礙，‘大(da)(da)、小電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)’真正實(shi)現了(le)(le)統(tong)一規劃(hua)(hua)、統(tong)一建設、統(tong)一運營、統(tong)一管(guan)理。2010年(nian)以來，國(guo)家電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)累計完成569個代(dai)管(guan)縣(xian)公司(si)(si)、320個股(gu)份制縣(xian)公司(si)(si)及14個地方自(zi)供自(zi)管(guan)縣(xian)公司(si)(si)，合(he)計903個縣(xian)公司(si)(si)地方國(guo)有產權劃(hua)(hua)轉工作(zuo)。目前，國(guo)家電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)供電(dian)(dian)區域內絕大(da)(da)部(bu)分(fen)省區均(jun)實(shi)現了(le)(le)縣(xian)供電(dian)(dian)企業(ye)直供直管(guan)，實(shi)現了(le)(le)與公司(si)(si)管(guan)理的全面接(jie)軌，提升了(le)(le)管(guan)理水平(ping)和優質服務(wu)能力，促進了(le)(le)農(nong)村電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)和農(nong)村經濟發展(zhan)。
在河南，電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)企業資(zi)產紐(niu)帶(dai)關(guan)系得(de)到理順，投資(zi)渠道(dao)得(de)以暢(chang)通(tong)，一(yi)(yi)大批破瓶頸、惠民生(sheng)的(de)農村(cun)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)工程相繼開工建設，為農村(cun)發展提供了(le)(le)有力的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力支撐。在四川(chuan)，改革暢(chang)通(tong)了(le)(le)基層電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)企業服務(wu)群(qun)眾的(de)“最后一(yi)(yi)公(gong)里”。每年春(chun)節(jie)期間(jian)，農村(cun)外(wai)出(chu)務(wu)工人員集中返鄉(xiang)，用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)負荷急劇增加，容易出(chu)現電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓不穩、斷電(dian)(dian)(dian)等情況，供電(dian)(dian)(dian)企業通(tong)過(guo)提前(qian)掌握外(wai)出(chu)務(wu)工人員返鄉(xiang)時間(jian)，安排移動發電(dian)(dian)(dian)機和變壓器，確保(bao)(bao)了(le)(le)群(qun)眾春(chun)節(jie)期間(jian)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)需求。在浙江(jiang)、江(jiang)蘇抗擊臺風(feng)應急搶(qiang)險中，在湖北、湖南雨(yu)雪(xue)冰凍災害中，在四川(chuan)、甘(gan)肅地(di)震救災中，縣供電(dian)(dian)(dian)企業借助公(gong)司集團化作戰的(de)優勢，以最快的(de)速度圓(yuan)滿完(wan)成了(le)(le)搶(qiang)險保(bao)(bao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)任(ren)務(wu)，讓群(qun)眾第(di)一(yi)(yi)時間(jian)用(yong)上可(ke)靠的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)能。
實踐證(zheng)明，消(xiao)除縣供電企(qi)業(ye)代管的體(ti)制(zhi)性障礙，推進了(le)城鄉一體(ti)化(hua)統(tong)籌發展，實現了(le)在更大范圍內的資源(yuan)優化(hua)配置，有力促進了(le)農(nong)村(cun)電網(wang)和縣供電企(qi)業(ye)的發展，農(nong)村(cun)供電服務水平(ping)得到了(le)有效提升(sheng)，為(wei)縣域(yu)經濟(ji)發展提供了(le)堅強(qiang)電力保障。
農網改造升級 讓農村電網強起來
農(nong)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)35～110千伏變電(dian)容量超過(guo)8億千伏安(an)，農(nong)村戶均供(gong)電(dian)能力從2010年(nian)的0.99千伏安(an)提(ti)高到(dao)(dao)1.72千伏安(an)，提(ti)升74%。西部地區49個縣域(yu)電(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)“孤網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)運行”問(wen)題得到(dao)(dao)解(jie)決，西藏自治區58個縣域(yu)電(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)實(shi)現與(yu)主網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)聯網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)，解(jie)決中西部地區124個縣域(yu)電(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)與(yu)主網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)聯系薄弱問(wen)題，累(lei)計解(jie)決農(nong)村“低電(dian)壓”3071萬(wan)戶，全面實(shi)現了經營(ying)區“戶戶通電(dian)”。這是國家電(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)在“十二五”期間(jian)農(nong)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)改造升級中交出的答卷。
進入(ru)“十三(san)五”，農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)生活水平不斷(duan)提(ti)高，對農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)提(ti)出了更高的要求。2016年(nian)(nian)(nian)，政府工(gong)作(zuo)報告(gao)中提(ti)出“抓緊(jin)新(xin)一(yi)輪(lun)農(nong)(nong)(nong)網(wang)(wang)改(gai)造(zao)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)級(ji)(ji)，兩(liang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)內實現農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)穩定可靠供電(dian)(dian)服務和(he)平原地區(qu)機井(jing)通(tong)電(dian)(dian)全覆蓋”。同年(nian)(nian)(nian)4月(yue)，國家電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)召(zhao)開(kai)實施新(xin)一(yi)輪(lun)農(nong)(nong)(nong)網(wang)(wang)改(gai)造(zao)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)級(ji)(ji)工(gong)程暨第一(yi)批項目開(kai)工(gong)動員電(dian)(dian)視電(dian)(dian)話(hua)會議，啟動實施新(xin)一(yi)輪(lun)農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)改(gai)造(zao)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)級(ji)(ji)“兩(liang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)攻(gong)堅(jian)(jian)戰”。2017年(nian)(nian)(nian)9月(yue)25日，國家電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)提(ti)前三(san)個月(yue)完成“兩(liang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)攻(gong)堅(jian)(jian)戰”，累計(ji)投資1423.6億元，完成153.5萬(wan)眼農(nong)(nong)(nong)田機井(jing)新(xin)通(tong)電(dian)(dian)及(ji)改(gai)造(zao)、6.6萬(wan)個小城鎮（中心村(cun)）電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)改(gai)造(zao)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)級(ji)(ji)、7.8萬(wan)個自然(ran)村(cun)新(xin)通(tong)動力電(dian)(dian)及(ji)改(gai)造(zao)。
在河北省黃驊市舊城鎮小堤柳莊，四(si)處盡是慕(mu)名而(er)來的(de)游(you)客(ke)。小堤柳莊的(de)發(fa)展獲益于(yu)黃驊市19個村(cun)農網改造升級(ji)(ji)工程，“現在電足了(le)，俺家(jia)餐館里有了(le)空調(diao)包間。今后，我(wo)還打算(suan)擴建，為(wei)客(ke)人提供餐飲(yin)、住宿(su)、導游(you)一(yi)條(tiao)龍服務。”談到農網改造升級(ji)(ji)給自(zi)家(jia)餐館帶來的(de)變化，村(cun)民(min)張波難(nan)掩心中的(de)喜悅。
在我國人口最少的行政鄉(xiang)——9戶(hu)32人的西藏玉麥鄉(xiang)實現了大電(dian)網(wang)供電(dian)。這背后，是(shi)國家電(dian)網(wang)投入(ru)635萬元(yuan)架設的一條(tiao)15公(gong)里(li)10千(qian)伏(fu)線路。從那以后，小(xiao)水電(dian)、煤油(you)燈都成(cheng)了歷史，玉麥鄉(xiang)的鄉(xiang)親們也和城里(li)人一樣，看(kan)上了電(dian)視，用(yong)上了現代(dai)化電(dian)器。
國家電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)公司除了(le)(le)推(tui)進農(nong)(nong)網(wang)(wang)改造升級，還(huan)積(ji)極落實(shi)(shi)國務院指示精(jing)神，力(li)爭(zheng)用(yong)(yong)三年(nian)(nian)時(shi)間(jian)，統一城鄉(xiang)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)價格(ge)，實(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)同(tong)網(wang)(wang)同(tong)價。目前(qian)，全(quan)國省級電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)直供區(qu)基本(ben)實(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)城鄉(xiang)用(yong)(yong)網(wang)(wang)同(tong)價，農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)各類用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)價格(ge)降低至平均(jun)每(mei)千(qian)瓦時(shi)0.685元。此外，國家電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)還(huan)對全(quan)網(wang)(wang)范圍低保(bao)戶(hu)或(huo)“五保(bao)戶(hu)”實(shi)(shi)行(xing)免費用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)政策(ce)。截至2017年(nian)(nian)年(nian)(nian)底，公司對供區(qu)內3104萬低保(bao)戶(hu)或(huo)“五保(bao)戶(hu)”實(shi)(shi)行(xing)每(mei)月(yue)10～15千(qian)瓦時(shi)的(de)免費用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)政策(ce)，年(nian)(nian)合計減免電(dian)(dian)費16.4億元。城鄉(xiang)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)同(tong)網(wang)(wang)同(tong)價減輕了(le)(le)農(nong)(nong)民負擔，縮(suo)小了(le)(le)城鄉(xiang)差別，更好(hao)地實(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)了(le)(le)電(dian)(dian)力(li)為(wei)農(nong)(nong)業、農(nong)(nong)民、農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)經濟(ji)服務，拓寬(kuan)了(le)(le)農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)居民的(de)致(zhi)富(fu)路。
改(gai)造(zao)所(suo)及之處，農(nong)(nong)網供電(dian)(dian)能力、服務水平明顯提(ti)升(sheng)，農(nong)(nong)業生產條件顯著改(gai)善(shan)，農(nong)(nong)村電(dian)(dian)氣 化水平進一步(bu)提(ti)升(sheng)。公(gong)司規劃，到2020年，農(nong)(nong)村地區(qu)基本實現穩定可(ke)靠(kao)(kao)的(de)(de)供電(dian)(dian)服務全(quan)覆蓋，打造(zao)安全(quan)可(ke)靠(kao)(kao)、經濟(ji)合(he)理、堅固(gu)耐用的(de)(de)現代化農(nong)(nong)網。供電(dian)(dian)可(ke)靠(kao)(kao)率(lv)、綜合(he)電(dian)(dian)壓合(he)格率(lv)分別為99.88%、99.45%，農(nong)(nong)村戶均配變容量(liang)達到2.2千伏安。不僅為農(nong)(nong)村輸(shu)送電(dian)(dian)，更輸(shu)入(ru)有保(bao)障的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)，輸(shu)入(ru)可(ke)期待的(de)(de)生活改(gai)善(shan)。
【責任編輯：王莉】