文(wen)章來源(yuan):中(zhong)國南方電(dian)網有限(xian)責任公(gong)司 發布時間:2022-04-26
4月24日,南方電網公司在廣(guang)州(zhou)發布《數字電網推(tui)動構建以新能源為主體的新型電力(li)系統白皮(pi)書》(以下簡稱白皮(pi)書)。
“數字電(dian)網(wang)將成(cheng)為(wei)承載新型(xing)(xing)電(dian)力(li)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)的最(zui)佳形態(tai)。”在白皮(pi)書(shu)中,南(nan)方電(dian)網(wang)公司系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)闡(chan)述了以新能源為(wei)主(zhu)體的新型(xing)(xing)電(dian)力(li)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)的背景和意義(yi)、新形勢(shi)新要求以及“數字賦能、柔性開(kai)放、綠色高效”的三(san)大顯著特征,南(nan)方電(dian)網(wang)公司將依托數字電(dian)網(wang)建設,多措并舉構建以新能源為(wei)主(zhu)體的新型(xing)(xing)電(dian)力(li)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong),服務碳達峰、碳中和戰略目(mu)標實現。
數字賦能:為高效消納新能源提供“核心算法”
白皮書認為(wei),新型電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力系統將(jiang)呈現(xian)數(shu)字與(yu)物理(li)系統深度(du)融合,以數(shu)據(ju)(ju)流引領(ling)和優化能(neng)量流、業(ye)務(wu)流。以數(shu)據(ju)(ju)作為(wei)核心生產要素,打通(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網、負荷、儲能(neng)各環節(jie)信息(xi),發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)側(ce)(發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)廠等(deng))實現(xian)“全面可觀、精確可測、高度(du)可控(kong)”,電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網側(ce)(電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網企業(ye))形成(cheng)云端與(yu)邊緣融合的調控(kong)體系,用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)側(ce)(用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)用(yong)戶)有效聚合海量可調節(jie)資源支撐實時(shi)動態響應。
白皮書介紹,2019年南方電網公司研究(jiu)提(ti)出數(shu)(shu)字(zi)電網建設的戰略部署。數(shu)(shu)字(zi)電網是以(yi)(yi)云計算、大數(shu)(shu)據、物聯網、移動互聯網、人工(gong)智能(neng)、區塊鏈等新(xin)一代數(shu)(shu)字(zi)技術為核(he)心驅動力(li),以(yi)(yi)數(shu)(shu)據為關鍵生(sheng)產要素,以(yi)(yi)現(xian)代電力(li)能(neng)源網絡(luo)與新(xin)一代信(xin)息網絡(luo)為基礎,通過(guo)數(shu)(shu)字(zi)技術與能(neng)源企業業務、管理深度融合,不斷提(ti)高數(shu)(shu)字(zi)化、網絡(luo)化、智能(neng)化水平,而形(xing)成的新(xin)型(xing)能(neng)源生(sheng)態系統,具(ju)有靈活性(xing)(xing)、開放性(xing)(xing)、交互性(xing)(xing)、經濟性(xing)(xing)、共享性(xing)(xing)等特性(xing)(xing),使電網更加(jia)安全(quan)、可靠、綠色(se)、高效、智能(neng)。
數字電(dian)網(wang)將(jiang)成(cheng)為(wei)承(cheng)載新型電(dian)力(li)(li)系統的(de)(de)最(zui)佳形態(tai)。南方電(dian)網(wang)依托強大的(de)(de)“電(dian)力(li)(li)+算力(li)(li)”,通過(guo)海(hai)量(liang)信息數據(ju)(ju)分析和(he)高(gao)性(xing)能計算技(ji)術,透過(guo)數據(ju)(ju)關系發(fa)現電(dian)網(wang)運行(xing)規(gui)律和(he)潛(qian)在風險,實現電(dian)力(li)(li)系統安全(quan)穩定運行(xing)和(he)資源大范圍優化配置(zhi),使電(dian)網(wang)具(ju)備超強感(gan)知能力(li)(li)、智(zhi)慧(hui)決策能力(li)(li)和(he)快速執行(xing)能力(li)(li)。這給廣東、廣西、云南、貴(gui)州、海(hai)南五省區的(de)(de)清潔能源消納和(he)消費按下了“快進鍵”。
2020年底(di),五(wu)省區(qu)非化石能源(yuan)裝(zhuang)機(ji)和電量占比分別(bie)達(da)到56%和53%,居世界前列,風電、光伏發(fa)電利用(yong)率均達(da)99.7%,區(qu)域能源(yuan)結構轉型成效(xiao)顯著。
白皮書提(ti)出,南方電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)公司將加快建設(she)(she)數(shu)字(zi)(zi)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang),持續(xu)打造和完善(shan)一系列數(shu)字(zi)(zi)業(ye)務技術平臺,使之具有強(qiang)大(da)的(de)(de)數(shu)據管(guan)理能(neng)力(li)、超強(qiang)的(de)(de)計算能(neng)力(li)和以數(shu)據驅動(dong)(dong)業(ye)務的(de)(de)能(neng)力(li);加速電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)管(guan)理數(shu)字(zi)(zi)化轉(zhuan)型,推(tui)動(dong)(dong)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)規劃、建設(she)(she)、運維、物(wu)(wu)資、調(diao)度、營銷(xiao)等(deng)多專業(ye)高效協(xie)同,提(ti)升(sheng)企業(ye)運轉(zhuan)效率,確(que)保(bao)面(mian)向眾多新(xin)能(neng)源(yuan)客戶的(de)(de)高效服務水(shui)平;加大(da)5G基(ji)站、物(wu)(wu)聯網(wang)(wang)、電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)汽車(che)充電(dian)(dian)樁等(deng)新(xin)型基(ji)礎設(she)(she)施建設(she)(she)配套(tao)投入;對接好(hao)國家工業(ye)互聯網(wang)(wang)和數(shu)字(zi)(zi)政(zheng)府,充分利(li)用電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)企業(ye)在算力(li)、算法和數(shu)據資源(yuan)上的(de)(de)優勢,促(cu)進政(zheng)府、產業(ye)上下游(you)和用戶的(de)(de)密切互動(dong)(dong),引導能(neng)量、數(shu)據、服務有序流動(dong)(dong),推(tui)動(dong)(dong)能(neng)源(yuan)生態系統(tong)利(li)益相關(guan)方開放合作、互利(li)共生、協(xie)作創新(xin)。
柔性開放:支持新能源成為主力電源
白皮書認為(wei),在新(xin)型電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)系統中(zhong)(zhong),電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)作為(wei)消納高(gao)比(bi)例新(xin)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)核心樞紐作用更加(jia)顯(xian)著。“跨(kua)省區主干(gan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)+中(zhong)(zhong)小型區域電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)+配網(wang)(wang)(wang)及微(wei)(wei)網(wang)(wang)(wang)”的(de)柔性互(hu)聯(lian)形態和數字化調(diao)控(kong)技術將使電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)更加(jia)靈活(huo)可控(kong),實現(xian)新(xin)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)按資源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)稟賦因地制宜廣泛(fan)接入。大電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)柔性互(hu)聯(lian)促(cu)進資源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)互(hu)濟共享能(neng)力(li)(li)進一(yi)步提(ti)升,配電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)呈(cheng)現(xian)交直流(liu)混合柔性電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)與微(wei)(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)等(deng)多(duo)種(zhong)形式(shi)協同發展態勢,而智(zhi)能(neng)微(wei)(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)作為(wei)提(ti)高(gao)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)可靠(kao)性和高(gao)滲透率(lv)分布(bu)式(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)并網(wang)(wang)(wang)重要解決方案(an),將逐步在城市中(zhong)(zhong)心、工業(ye)園區、偏遠地區等(deng)推廣應用。此外,新(xin)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)+儲能(neng)、新(xin)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)+負荷+儲能(neng)等(deng)多(duo)元協調(diao)開(kai)發新(xin)模式(shi)也將不斷涌現(xian)。
目前,南(nan)方(fang)電(dian)網西電(dian)東送(song)(song)已形成“八交(jiao)十一直”輸(shu)電(dian)大(da)(da)通道,送(song)(song)電(dian)規模超5800萬千瓦,年送(song)(song)電(dian)量超2300億千瓦時,已擁有自主化的大(da)(da)容(rong)量特高(gao)壓多(duo)端柔性直流(liu)輸(shu)電(dian)技術,在大(da)(da)型交(jiao)直流(liu)電(dian)網規劃、建設和運行技術與實踐方(fang)面處于(yu)領先地位。同時,推(tui)進輸(shu)配電(dian)線路無(wu)人機巡、數字變電(dian)站、智能(neng)配電(dian)房(fang)、智能(neng)微電(dian)網、智慧(hui)園區等數字化場景(jing)建設,人工智能(neng)廣(guang)泛用于(yu)電(dian)網設備巡檢、智能(neng)客服(fu)、負(fu)荷(he)預測等業務(wu)。
南方電網公司將依托數字技術增強(qiang)對新能源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)“可觀(guan)、可測、可控(kong)”水(shui)平,推進電力系統擁有更加(jia)有敏銳的(de)“五官”和更加(jia)聰明的(de)“大腦”,支(zhi)持新能源(yuan)(yuan)發電設備(bei)作為主(zhu)力電源(yuan)(yuan)參與電力系統調(diao)控(kong)過程。
白(bai)皮書(shu)提出,南(nan)方電網(wang)(wang)公司(si)還將持續(xu)(xu)利用數字技(ji)術構(gou)建堅強主網(wang)(wang)架(jia)和柔(rou)性配(pei)(pei)網(wang)(wang);統籌(chou)利用風電、光伏、生物質等區(qu)域分布式(shi)能(neng)源資源,因地制宜建設交(jiao)直流混合配(pei)(pei)電網(wang)(wang)和智能(neng)微電網(wang)(wang),持續(xu)(xu)加強配(pei)(pei)電網(wang)(wang)數字化和柔(rou)性化水平(ping),提升對分布式(shi)電源的承載力。
“十(shi)四五(wu)”和“十(shi)五(wu)五(wu)”期間,南方電(dian)網公司(si)將推(tui)動(dong)南方五(wu)省(sheng)區(qu)區(qu)域分別新增1億(yi)(yi)(yi)千瓦(wa)風光新能源(yuan)裝機,新能源(yuan)裝機將從目前0.5億(yi)(yi)(yi)千瓦(wa)增加到2030年2.5億(yi)(yi)(yi)千瓦(wa),支撐提(ti)前實(shi)現碳達峰。
白皮書還提出,南方電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)公司(si)大(da)力(li)實(shi)施創新驅動(dong)戰略,增強構建新型(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)的科技(ji)(ji)支撐力(li)和(he)產(chan)業帶動(dong)力(li)。南方電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)公司(si)將積極開展新型(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)運行機理與(yu)發展形態、基于數(shu)(shu)據驅動(dong)的新型(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)分析(xi)與(yu)控制基礎理論(lun)和(he)方法等(deng)(deng)基礎研(yan)究,在新能源(yuan)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)大(da)規模(mo)并網(wang)消納(na)、數(shu)(shu)字電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)專用芯片、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)柔性互(hu)聯(lian)、先進儲(chu)能技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)、虛擬電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)廠(chang)等(deng)(deng)方面實(shi)現突(tu)破(po),促進數(shu)(shu)字化(hua)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)與(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)深度融(rong)合,建設支撐新型(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)國家級創新平(ping)臺,形成具有(you)我國自(zi)主(zhu)知識產(chan)權(quan)的新型(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)關鍵技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)和(he)標(biao)準體系(xi)(xi)。加快實(shi)現關鍵領域核心技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)獨立自(zi)主(zhu)和(he)升級換代,促進形成完整(zheng)且具備國際一(yi)流水平(ping)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)產(chan)業鏈。
綠色高效:大數據技術助用戶挖掘節能潛力
據預測,到2030年(nian)和2060年(nian),我國(guo)新(xin)能(neng)源發(fa)電(dian)量(liang)占比將分別超(chao)過25%和60%,電(dian)力(li)供(gong)給將朝著(zhu)逐步實現零碳化邁進。白皮書認為,新(xin)能(neng)源將成為新(xin)增電(dian)源的主體(ti),并在電(dian)源結構中(zhong)占主導地位。
終(zhong)端能(neng)源消費“新(xin)電氣(qi)化”進程也將(jiang)(jiang)加快。工業、建(jian)筑、交通三大(da)領域終(zhong)端用(yong)能(neng)電氣(qi)化水平將(jiang)(jiang)從目前(qian)的30%、30%和5%提升至2060年約50%、75%和50%,數字經(jing)濟的快速發(fa)展(zhan)也將(jiang)(jiang)推動(dong)終(zhong)端用(yong)能(neng)電氣(qi)化水平進一步提高(gao)。
而(er)隨著(zhu)新能源和(he)傳統電源角色(se)發(fa)生轉變(bian),需(xu)要有效完善的(de)電力市(shi)場支撐(cheng),以更(geng)高效地協調(diao)不同市(shi)場主體(ti)的(de)利益(yi)訴求,實現全要素資源的(de)充分投入和(he)優化(hua)配置。
白皮書提(ti)出,南(nan)方(fang)電(dian)網公司(si)以數字技(ji)術助推(tui)能(neng)源消(xiao)費革(ge)命,推(tui)動(dong)綠色生產生活方(fang)式廣泛形(xing)成。“十三(san)(san)五”期間,南(nan)方(fang)電(dian)網持續推(tui)進(jin)電(dian)能(neng)替(ti)代,在電(dian)鍋爐、電(dian)蓄冷(leng)、港(gang)口岸電(dian)等重(zhong)點(dian)領域(yu)取得積極進(jin)展,“十三(san)(san)五”累計(ji)實現替(ti)代電(dian)量約1000億千瓦時,2020年(nian)五省區(qu)電(dian)能(neng)占終端(duan)能(neng)源消(xiao)費比(bi)重(zhong)達32%,比(bi)2015年(nian)提(ti)升4個(ge)百分(fen)點(dian)。同時南(nan)方(fang)區(qu)域(yu)(以廣東起步)電(dian)力(li)現貨市場(chang)和區(qu)域(yu)調頻輔(fu)助服務市場(chang)在全(quan)國率先開展結算試運行,電(dian)力(li)市場(chang)建(jian)設走在全(quan)國前列。
南(nan)方電(dian)網公司將利用數字(zi)技術構建適(shi)應新型(xing)電(dian)力(li)系(xi)統(tong)的現代供電(dian)服務(wu)(wu)體(ti)系(xi),提高服務(wu)(wu)效率(lv)和客戶(hu)(hu)體(ti)驗(yan),支(zhi)撐業(ye)務(wu)(wu)創新,幫(bang)助用戶(hu)(hu)不斷(duan)釋(shi)放需求(qiu)潛能;通(tong)過物聯(lian)網和區(qu)塊鏈技術聚合海(hai)量用戶(hu)(hu)側(ce)可調(diao)節資源,大(da)力(li)建設虛擬(ni)電(dian)廠,引導用戶(hu)(hu)合理用電(dian),促(cu)進發電(dian)側(ce)與(yu)負(fu)荷(he)側(ce)雙向互動(dong)。
南方電(dian)(dian)(dian)網公(gong)司還將(jiang)通(tong)(tong)過大數據技術輔(fu)助用(yong)戶挖掘節(jie)能(neng)(neng)潛力(li),促進能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)消費(fei)從單一、被動(dong)(dong)(dong)、通(tong)(tong)用(yong)化的(de)(de)(de)利(li)用(yong)模(mo)式(shi)(shi)向融合(he)多種(zhong)需求、主(zhu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)參(can)與、定制(zhi)化的(de)(de)(de)高效利(li)用(yong)模(mo)式(shi)(shi)轉變,推(tui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)汽車、電(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)替代、節(jie)能(neng)(neng)減排、綜合(he)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)服務的(de)(de)(de)發展;加(jia)快建設南方區域統一電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)市場(chang)(chang),豐富電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)市場(chang)(chang)交易(yi)品種(zhong),探索(suo)靈活多樣的(de)(de)(de)市場(chang)(chang)化需求響應交易(yi)模(mo)式(shi)(shi)。
【責任編輯:王莉】