文(wen)章來(lai)源:綜(zong)合局 發布時間(jian):2019-03-02
中交集(ji)(ji)團自(zi)動(dong)化碼(ma)(ma)頭(tou)(tou)建造技術(shu)達(da)世(shi)界(jie)先(xian)進水平。20世(shi)紀(ji)80年代末,在(zai)提(ti)高集(ji)(ji)裝箱(xiang)碼(ma)(ma)頭(tou)(tou)周轉效(xiao)率、降(jiang)低人工成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)、改善(shan)作(zuo)業(ye)環(huan)境(jing)的需(xu)求下,英(ying)國、荷蘭、日本(ben)等發達(da)國家(jia)提(ti)出了研制(zhi)、建造和實施自(zi)動(dong)化集(ji)(ji)裝箱(xiang)碼(ma)(ma)頭(tou)(tou)的構(gou)想。但(dan)由于技術(shu)所(suo)(suo)限,早(zao)期(qi)國外的自(zi)動(dong)化集(ji)(ji)裝箱(xiang)碼(ma)(ma)頭(tou)(tou)存在(zai)投(tou)資成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)高昂、可靠性不足(zu)等問題。隨著“中國制(zhi)造2025”戰略的醞釀和出臺,發展高端、智能、先(xian)進的裝備制(zhi)造業(ye)成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)大勢所(suo)(suo)趨,國內(nei)碼(ma)(ma)頭(tou)(tou)有著向全自(zi)動(dong)化碼(ma)(ma)頭(tou)(tou)轉型升級的需(xu)要。
中(zhong)交集(ji)團所屬上海(hai)振華重工(集(ji)團)股份(fen)有限(xian)公司(si),于2005年(nian)開始自(zi)(zi)主研(yan)發(fa)自(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)集(ji)裝(zhuang)箱碼(ma)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)系統,取(qu)得多項創(chuang)新成(cheng)果(guo)。一(yi)是(shi)自(zi)(zi)主研(yan)制(zhi)碼(ma)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)設(she)備(bei)(bei)控制(zhi)系統,可有機(ji)協調各(ge)類(lei)碼(ma)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)智(zhi)能(neng)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)設(she)備(bei)(bei),高(gao)效完(wan)成(cheng)碼(ma)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)自(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)操作(zuo)和裝(zhuang)卸,實現整個(ge)碼(ma)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)的智(zhi)能(neng)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)運作(zuo)。二是(shi)自(zi)(zi)主研(yan)發(fa)鋰(li)電池驅動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)自(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)導引運輸車(che),具(ju)備(bei)(bei)無人駕駛、自(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)導航、路(lu)徑優(you)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、主動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)避障(zhang)、自(zi)(zi)我(wo)故障(zhang)診斷、自(zi)(zi)我(wo)電量監控等(deng)功能(neng)。三是(shi)在(zai)(zai)國內首(shou)創(chuang)自(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)換電站技術,保障(zhang)地面運輸連續作(zuo)業(ye),自(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)導引運輸車(che)更換電池全(quan)程只需6分鐘,電池充滿電僅需2小(xiao)時(shi)。四是(shi)在(zai)(zai)全(quan)球首(shou)創(chuang)自(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)雙箱軌道吊,一(yi)次可同時(shi)起吊兩個(ge)集(ji)裝(zhuang)箱,配合自(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)雙箱岸橋作(zuo)業(ye),能(neng)夠釋放岸線(xian)空(kong)間,提高(gao)碼(ma)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)使用(yong)率,理論上可提升(sheng)(sheng)工作(zuo)效率50%。五是(shi)自(zi)(zi)主研(yan)發(fa)岸橋自(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)拆扭鎖裝(zhuang)置,完(wan)成(cheng)港(gang)口(kou)碼(ma)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)人工拆裝(zhuang)向(xiang)機(ji)器人拆裝(zhuang)升(sheng)(sheng)級,進一(yi)步提升(sheng)(sheng)碼(ma)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)自(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)程度(du)。
項(xiang)(xiang)目授權國際發(fa)明專利(li)2項(xiang)(xiang)、國內發(fa)明專利(li)24項(xiang)(xiang),軟(ruan)件著作權10項(xiang)(xiang)。項(xiang)(xiang)目研發(fa)成果對于助推大型集裝(zhuang)箱碼頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)智能(neng)(neng)化(hua)、自(zi)動(dong)化(hua)、零排放(fang)和高效(xiao)率運行具有重要幫助。以已投(tou)產的青島港全自(zi)動(dong)化(hua)碼頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)為例,裝(zhuang)卸效(xiao)率達到39.6MOV/h,創造了全球自(zi)動(dong)化(hua)碼頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)單機平均作業效(xiao)率的最(zui)高紀錄(lu)。此外,國內首個全自(zi)動(dong)化(hua)碼頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)——廈門遠海碼頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)投(tou)產后,比(bi)傳統碼頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)節省(sheng)能(neng)(neng)源25%以上(shang),碳排量減(jian)少16%以上(shang)。
項目研發的自動(dong)化集裝(zhuang)箱(xiang)碼頭(tou)系統(tong)在低成本、高可靠性以及節能環(huan)保方面都處于(yu)全球領(ling)先地位(wei),對于(yu)助推我國(guo)港口集裝(zhuang)箱(xiang)碼頭(tou)智能綠色轉型,推進我國(guo)智慧城市建設具有重要意義(yi)。(中交集團供稿)

附圖 青島港全自動化(hua)碼(ma)頭
誠(cheng)通集(ji)團掌握(wo)自(zi)主微量(liang)涂布膠版紙(zhi)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)。我國(guo)是一(yi)個農業(ye)大國(guo),木材資源(yuan)短(duan)缺,非木纖維資源(yuan)豐(feng)富。在(zai)木漿(jiang)和廢紙(zhi)進口持(chi)續快速增長(chang)的(de)情(qing)況下(xia),非木纖維原(yuan)料(liao)的(de)科學利(li)用技(ji)術(shu)(shu)直接影(ying)響到我國(guo)紙(zhi)業(ye)原(yuan)料(liao)產業(ye)的(de)安全問(wen)題(ti)。當(dang)前,非木纖維制漿(jiang)造紙(zhi)普遍存在(zai)污(wu)染負荷高(gao)、能耗高(gao)、資源(yuan)有效利(li)用率低等(deng)問(wen)題(ti),亟需(xu)攻克清潔制漿(jiang)、節能減排等(deng)相關技(ji)術(shu)(shu)。
誠通集團所屬(shu)中國紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業岳陽林紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)股份有(you)限公司通過多年(nian)自主創(chuang)新(xin),攻(gong)克了(le)(le)蘆葦非(fei)木纖(xian)(xian)維、高(gao)(gao)(gao)得(de)(de)率(lv)(lv)漿(jiang)配(pei)(pei)抄微(wei)(wei)量涂(tu)(tu)(tu)布(bu)膠(jiao)(jiao)版(ban)(ban)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)技術,解(jie)決了(le)(le)非(fei)木材纖(xian)(xian)維清潔制漿(jiang)除雜效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)(lv)低(di)(di)、塵埃多、能耗高(gao)(gao)(gao)、資源有(you)效(xiao)(xiao)利(li)(li)用率(lv)(lv)低(di)(di)等重(zhong)大技術難(nan)題。取(qu)得(de)(de)的(de)(de)創(chuang)新(xin)成(cheng)果如下:一是(shi)研制葦片(pian)除雜機(ji)、連續(xu)蒸(zheng)煮防(fang)反噴(pen)裝置、紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)漿(jiang)提濃機(ji)等3種化學葦漿(jiang)制漿(jiang)專利(li)(li)設(she)備,有(you)效(xiao)(xiao)提升了(le)(le)產(chan)品(pin)質量,降(jiang)低(di)(di)了(le)(le)生產(chan)成(cheng)本。二是(shi)適應高(gao)(gao)(gao)速發(fa)展印(yin)刷(shua)技術對紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)張的(de)(de)要求,研發(fa)微(wei)(wei)量涂(tu)(tu)(tu)布(bu)膠(jiao)(jiao)版(ban)(ban)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)新(xin)產(chan)品(pin),推動了(le)(le)我(wo)國造(zao)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)業產(chan)品(pin)結構調整,滿足了(le)(le)市場需(xu)求。三是(shi)研究漿(jiang)料(liao)配(pei)(pei)比及打漿(jiang)性能,配(pei)(pei)用高(gao)(gao)(gao)比例APMP漿(jiang),既符合國家發(fa)展循環經濟(ji)、綜(zong)合利(li)(li)用資源產(chan)業政策,又(you)大幅降(jiang)低(di)(di)生產(chan)成(cheng)本。四是(shi)開發(fa)出高(gao)(gao)(gao)得(de)(de)率(lv)(lv)漿(jiang)有(you)機(ji)微(wei)(wei)粒助留(liu)體系(xi),有(you)效(xiao)(xiao)提高(gao)(gao)(gao)了(le)(le)高(gao)(gao)(gao)得(de)(de)率(lv)(lv)漿(jiang)細小纖(xian)(xian)維的(de)(de)留(liu)著(zhu),改善(shan)了(le)(le)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)張性能,降(jiang)低(di)(di)了(le)(le)白水負荷。五是(shi)開發(fa)出微(wei)(wei)涂(tu)(tu)(tu)膠(jiao)(jiao)版(ban)(ban)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)涂(tu)(tu)(tu)料(liao)專用配(pei)(pei)方,取(qu)代價格昂(ang)貴(gui)瓷土顏料(liao),紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)張表面平滑(hua)(hua)性、強(qiang)度、灰分等明(ming)顯改善(shan),解(jie)決了(le)(le)膠(jiao)(jiao)版(ban)(ban)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)白度低(di)(di)、灰分低(di)(di)及印(yin)刷(shua)表面平滑(hua)(hua)性差等問題。六是(shi)掌握微(wei)(wei)量涂(tu)(tu)(tu)布(bu)工(gong)藝,使微(wei)(wei)涂(tu)(tu)(tu)膠(jiao)(jiao)版(ban)(ban)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)生產(chan)可采用計量棒(bang)式(shi)(shi)涂(tu)(tu)(tu)布(bu)或輥式(shi)(shi)涂(tu)(tu)(tu)布(bu),適合于高(gao)(gao)(gao)/低(di)(di)配(pei)(pei)置的(de)(de)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)機(ji)生產(chan);優(you)化微(wei)(wei)涂(tu)(tu)(tu)后壓光(guang)工(gong)藝,使微(wei)(wei)涂(tu)(tu)(tu)膠(jiao)(jiao)版(ban)(ban)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)保持較高(gao)(gao)(gao)松厚度。
項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)獲中國輕工業聯合(he)會科技(ji)進(jin)步(bu)二等獎及(ji)中國產學(xue)研創新(xin)成(cheng)果優秀獎。依(yi)托項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)研發(fa)成(cheng)果形成(cheng)的(de)3種專利設備成(cheng)功應用于新(xin)建150噸/日葦(wei)漿連續蒸(zheng)煮制漿生產線,提質降耗(hao)增效顯著,蘆葦(wei)除雜(za)率提高(gao)(gao)1倍(bei),葦(wei)片合(he)格率由(you)45%提升至70%,黑液波美濃度從7Be提高(gao)(gao)至10Be,黑液溫(wen)度由(you)70℃提高(gao)(gao)至90℃,漂白藥品消耗(hao)降低11.2%,紙產品塵埃度降低80%以上,累計節約標煤7800噸/年。項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)對(dui)于推動非木纖維資源與高(gao)(gao)得率化機漿在我(wo)國造紙行(xing)業的(de)應用,促進(jin)清潔生產和節能減排具有(you)重大示范(fan)作用。(誠通集團供(gong)稿(gao))
東航集團建成自(zi)主航班(ban)(ban)放(fang)行(xing)(xing)(xing)監(jian)控(kong)(kong)管理體系。近年來(lai),民航需求快速增長,給航空(kong)公司帶(dai)來(lai)前所(suo)未有運行(xing)(xing)(xing)壓力(li)。航班(ban)(ban)起(qi)飛前必須經(jing)過機(ji)(ji)組(zu)、飛機(ji)(ji)、天氣、運行(xing)(xing)(xing)條件(jian)等(deng)各(ge)項(xiang)標準的(de)嚴格檢查,僅靠人員(yuan)經(jing)驗(yan)和(he)記憶不僅增加工作量(liang),而且影響簽派放(fang)行(xing)(xing)(xing)質量(liang),加大(da)了航班(ban)(ban)放(fang)行(xing)(xing)(xing)監(jian)控(kong)(kong)安(an)全(quan)事故的(de)發生幾率。因此,研制簽派運行(xing)(xing)(xing)監(jian)控(kong)(kong)系統,以更加科技(ji)化(hua)、信息化(hua)、數據(ju)化(hua)的(de)方(fang)式(shi)實(shi)現航班(ban)(ban)放(fang)行(xing)(xing)(xing)、監(jian)控(kong)(kong)自(zi)動控(kong)(kong)制,對(dui)于(yu)保障航空(kong)運輸安(an)全(quan)、提高工作效率具有重要意義。
東航(hang)集團自(zi)(zi)2012年起實施(shi)航(hang)班放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)監(jian)控(kong)管(guan)理系統建設(she),開發(fa)出一套能夠(gou)滿足東航(hang)股份及各分(fen)子(zi)公司所有航(hang)班放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)監(jian)控(kong)業(ye)務的(de)自(zi)(zi)動化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)系統。取得的(de)創新(xin)成果如下:一是(shi)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)模(mo)式區域化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)。航(hang)班任務可(ke)根據預(yu)設(she)區域邏(luo)輯進行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)自(zi)(zi)動分(fen)配,簽派放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)由(you)原來的(de)“航(hang)線復(fu)雜(za)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、類別分(fen)散(san)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)”變(bian)為“航(hang)線單一化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、類別集中化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)”,實現了放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)模(mo)式從“分(fen)散(san)模(mo)式”向“區域模(mo)式”轉(zhuan)變(bian),提高放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)效率(lv)(lv)約7%,在國內(nei)屬于首(shou)創。二是(shi)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)資料(liao)(liao)電(dian)子(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)。放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)資料(liao)(liao)業(ye)務流程由(you)傳統的(de)人工配送向電(dian)子(zi)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)全(quan)面(mian)(mian)轉(zhuan)變(bian),從簽派員(yuan)(yuan)生成放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)資料(liao)(liao)到(dao)飛行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)員(yuan)(yuan)簽收僅僅需要3分(fen)鐘,大大縮短(duan)了配送時間,降(jiang)低了因資料(liao)(liao)配送錯(cuo)漏或(huo)延遲導致航(hang)班延誤的(de)可(ke)能性(xing)。三是(shi)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)校驗自(zi)(zi)動化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)。利(li)用大數據技術(shu)對機組(zu)、飛機、環(huan)境、規章(zhang)、批復(fu)等(deng)39項(xiang)因素進行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)逐項(xiang)、組(zu)合(he)(he)和(he)交(jiao)叉檢查(cha),自(zi)(zi)動識別不(bu)符合(he)(he)運行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)標準(zhun)航(hang)班,協助簽派人員(yuan)(yuan)提高放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)資料(liao)(liao)準(zhun)確性(xing)。整個過程僅需幾秒(miao)鐘,既確保(bao)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)安全(quan),又提高放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)效率(lv)(lv)。四是(shi)監(jian)控(kong)圖形化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)。在民航(hang)系統首(shou)次實現氣(qi)象報文解析,可(ke)根據機場、跑道運行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)標準(zhun)拆分(fen)出紅、橙、藍等(deng)不(bu)同(tong)級別告警信息,起到(dao)多圖合(he)(he)一的(de)圖形化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)監(jian)控(kong)效果,在圖形疊加和(he)動態展示等(deng)技術(shu)運用方面(mian)(mian)處于業(ye)內(nei)領(ling)先水平(ping)。
項目研究成果可有效滿足中國民航(hang)(hang)對(dui)航(hang)(hang)空(kong)公(gong)司安全生產(chan)的(de)要求,將(jiang)為(wei)旅客提供一(yi)個更為(wei)安全、高效的(de)出行(xing)環境。下一(yi)步,東航(hang)(hang)集(ji)(ji)團將(jiang)繼續沿著自主創新的(de)道路,加強(qiang)與相關單位合作,通過技(ji)術與業務完(wan)美融合,將(jiang)東航(hang)(hang)簽(qian)派運行(xing)監控系統(tong)打造(zao)成為(wei)民航(hang)(hang)相關業務標桿,引(yin)領民航(hang)(hang)簽(qian)派業務模式升級(ji)轉(zhuan)變。(東航(hang)(hang)集(ji)(ji)團供稿)
【責任編輯:張祺】