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國務院國資委近日印發(fa)《中央企業工資總額(e)管理辦(ban)法》（國資委令(ling)第39號，以下簡稱《辦(ban)法》）。

《辦(ban)法(fa)》以習近(jin)平新時(shi)代中國特色社會(hui)主義思(si)想為(wei)(wei)指引(yin)，以建立健全與(yu)勞(lao)動力(li)市場基本適應、與(yu)企(qi)業經(jing)濟(ji)效益和(he)(he)勞(lao)動生產率掛鉤的工(gong)資(zi)決定(ding)和(he)(he)正常增長機制(zhi)，增強企(qi)業活力(li)和(he)(he)動力(li)，促進企(qi)業實現高(gao)質(zhi)量發展，推動國有(you)(you)資(zi)本做(zuo)強做(zuo)優做(zuo)大為(wei)(wei)目標，以出資(zi)人管資(zi)本為(wei)(wei)主強化激勵(li)約束(shu)建設為(wei)(wei)遵(zun)循，按(an)照(zhao)《國務院關于改(gai)革國有(you)(you)企(qi)業工(gong)資(zi)決定(ding)機制(zhi)的意見》（國發〔2018〕16號，以下簡(jian)稱《意見》）精神(shen)，在繼承以往有(you)(you)效經(jing)驗和(he)(he)做(zuo)法(fa)的基礎上，對現行(xing)中央企(qi)業工(gong)資(zi)總額管理相關制(zhi)度辦(ban)法(fa)進行(xing)修改(gai)和(he)(he)完善(shan)。

《辦法(fa)》明(ming)確(que)對(dui)(dui)中央企(qi)業(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資總額(e)實(shi)行分(fen)類(lei)(lei)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理。對(dui)(dui)主業(ye)(ye)處(chu)于(yu)充分(fen)競(jing)爭行業(ye)(ye)和(he)領域的商(shang)業(ye)(ye)類(lei)(lei)中央企(qi)業(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資總額(e)預(yu)算(suan)原則(ze)上(shang)全部實(shi)行備案制(zhi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理，由(you)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)董事會在依法(fa)依規(gui)的前提(ti)下，自主決定年度工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資總額(e)預(yu)算(suan)，國(guo)資委(wei)由(you)事前核準(zhun)轉變為事前引導(dao)、事中監(jian)測和(he)事后監(jian)督；對(dui)(dui)主業(ye)(ye)處(chu)于(yu)關系國(guo)家(jia)安全、國(guo)民(min)經濟命脈的重要行業(ye)(ye)和(he)關鍵領域、主要承擔重大專項任務的商(shang)業(ye)(ye)類(lei)(lei)中央企(qi)業(ye)(ye)和(he)以(yi)提(ti)供公共產(chan)品或服務為主的公益類(lei)(lei)中央企(qi)業(ye)(ye)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資總額(e)預(yu)算(suan)繼續(xu)實(shi)行核準(zhun)制(zhi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理；對(dui)(dui)開展(zhan)國(guo)有(you)資本投資、運(yun)營公司(si)或者混合所有(you)制(zhi)改(gai)革等試點的中央企(qi)業(ye)(ye)，提(ti)出可以(yi)探索實(shi)行更加(jia)靈活高(gao)效的工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資總額(e)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理方(fang)式。

《辦(ban)(ban)法》明確對中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)工(gong)資(zi)總(zong)額(e)實(shi)(shi)行(xing)分級(ji)(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理。按照《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang) 國(guo)(guo)務院關(guan)(guan)于(yu)深化國(guo)(guo)有企(qi)業(ye)(ye)改革(ge)的(de)指導意見》（中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)發〔2015〕22號(hao)，以(yi)下(xia)簡稱(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)發22號(hao)文件）、《國(guo)(guo)務院辦(ban)(ban)公廳關(guan)(guan)于(yu)轉(zhuan)發國(guo)(guo)務院國(guo)(guo)資(zi)委(wei)以(yi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)資(zi)本為主(zhu)推(tui)進職能轉(zhuan)變(bian)方(fang)案的(de)通知》（國(guo)(guo)辦(ban)(ban)發〔2017〕38號(hao)）要求，結合當(dang)前中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)工(gong)資(zi)總(zong)額(e)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理實(shi)(shi)際(ji)，強(qiang)調中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)工(gong)資(zi)總(zong)額(e)實(shi)(shi)行(xing)分級(ji)(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理體制，國(guo)(guo)資(zi)委(wei)與中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)權責清(qing)晰、各司(si)其(qi)職，國(guo)(guo)資(zi)委(wei)負責管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)制度、管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)總(zong)量(liang)、管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)監督，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)負責管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)內部自主(zhu)分配(pei)、管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)預算分解落實(shi)(shi)、管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)具(ju)體操作(zuo)執行(xing)。

《辦法(fa)》緊緊圍(wei)繞中(zhong)發22號文件和《意見》關(guan)于(yu)“建立健全(quan)與(yu)勞(lao)動(dong)力市場(chang)基本適應(ying)、與(yu)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)經(jing)(jing)濟效(xiao)(xiao)益(yi)和勞(lao)動(dong)生產(chan)(chan)率掛鉤的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)決定(ding)(ding)和正常增(zeng)長機(ji)制”的(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)，明(ming)確規定(ding)(ding)中(zhong)央企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總額預(yu)算主要(yao)(yao)按照效(xiao)(xiao)益(yi)決定(ding)(ding)、效(xiao)(xiao)率調整(zheng)、水平(ping)(ping)調控(kong)三個環節(jie)決定(ding)(ding)。一是中(zhong)央企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總額預(yu)算與(yu)利潤總額等(deng)經(jing)(jing)濟效(xiao)(xiao)益(yi)指標(biao)的(de)(de)(de)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)績考核目(mu)(mu)標(biao)值掛鉤，并且根據目(mu)(mu)標(biao)值的(de)(de)(de)先進程度(du)確定(ding)(ding)不(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)預(yu)算水平(ping)(ping)，引導(dao)中(zhong)央企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)通過(guo)(guo)完成高(gao)(gao)質量發展目(mu)(mu)標(biao)，帶動(dong)職工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總額合(he)理(li)有(you)序(xu)增(zeng)長。二是工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)增(zeng)長還(huan)應(ying)當(dang)通過(guo)(guo)人工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)成本投入(ru)產(chan)(chan)出效(xiao)(xiao)率、勞(lao)動(dong)生產(chan)(chan)率等(deng)指標(biao)對(dui)標(biao)進行(xing)調整(zheng)，進一步(bu)協調不(bu)同(tong)效(xiao)(xiao)率的(de)(de)(de)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)之(zhi)間工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)分(fen)配關(guan)系，提高(gao)(gao)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總額決定(ding)(ding)機(ji)制的(de)(de)(de)科(ke)(ke)學性與(yu)有(you)效(xiao)(xiao)性。三是注重收(shou)入(ru)分(fen)配公(gong)平(ping)(ping)，國(guo)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)委(wei)將(jiang)按照國(guo)家有(you)關(guan)部門(men)發布的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)指導(dao)線和對(dui)非競爭(zheng)類國(guo)有(you)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)調控(kong)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)，對(dui)部分(fen)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)水平(ping)(ping)偏高(gao)(gao)、過(guo)(guo)高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)與(yu)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，尤(you)其(qi)是主業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)不(bu)屬(shu)于(yu)充分(fen)競爭(zheng)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和領域的(de)(de)(de)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)增(zeng)長過(guo)(guo)快的(de)(de)(de)情況進行(xing)適當(dang)約束，確保企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)職工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)水平(ping)(ping)與(yu)增(zeng)長幅度(du)更加公(gong)平(ping)(ping)合(he)理(li)、規范有(you)序(xu)。同(tong)時，對(dui)中(zhong)央企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)承(cheng)擔重大專項任(ren)務、重大科(ke)(ke)技創新項目(mu)(mu)等(deng)特殊(shu)事(shi)項的(de)(de)(de)，《辦法(fa)》也明(ming)確將(jiang)予以適度(du)支持(chi)。

《辦法》在從宏觀(guan)層面完善國家、企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)和職工(gong)三(san)者工(gong)資(zi)分(fen)(fen)配關系，加大出資(zi)人向(xiang)中央企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)董事(shi)會(hui)授權(quan)的(de)同(tong)時(shi)，也(ye)同(tong)步對(dui)責(ze)(ze)任落實(shi)和制度配套進行了規定(ding)。一是(shi)強調企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)作為內(nei)部分(fen)(fen)配的(de)責(ze)(ze)任主體，應當(dang)持續深化(hua)內(nei)部三(san)項制度改革，構建企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)內(nei)部管(guan)理(li)人員能(neng)上能(neng)下、員工(gong)能(neng)進能(neng)出、收(shou)入能(neng)增能(neng)減的(de)市場(chang)化(hua)勞動(dong)用工(gong)和收(shou)入分(fen)(fen)配管(guan)理(li)機制，切(qie)實(shi)承擔起搞(gao)(gao)好、搞(gao)(gao)活企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)內(nei)部分(fen)(fen)配的(de)職責(ze)(ze)。二是(shi)加強監督檢(jian)查(cha)，明確(que)界(jie)定(ding)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)違規責(ze)(ze)任，并將企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)資(zi)總額管(guan)理(li)情況(kuang)納入各(ge)項監督檢(jian)查(cha)范圍，與審計、巡視等工(gong)作形成(cheng)合力，確(que)保實(shi)現權(quan)責(ze)(ze)對(dui)等，監管(guan)到位。

【責任編輯：李瑛】