文章來(lai)源：考核分(fen)配(pei)局(ju) 發布時間：2020-01-16
近日(ri)，國(guo)(guo)務院國(guo)(guo)資(zi)(zi)(zi)委(wei)發(fa)布了《中央企業工資(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)額管(guan)理(li)辦(ban)法(fa)(fa)》（國(guo)(guo)資(zi)(zi)(zi)委(wei)令第39號，以(yi)下簡(jian)稱《辦(ban)法(fa)(fa)》）。《辦(ban)法(fa)(fa)》出臺后(hou)，國(guo)(guo)務院國(guo)(guo)資(zi)(zi)(zi)委(wei)有關負(fu)責同(tong)志接受(shou)了記者采訪。
問：請介紹《辦法》的起草背景。
答(da)：中(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)業(ye)工資總(zong)額管理是調(diao)節(jie)國家、企(qi)業(ye)、職工三者利益關(guan)系的(de)重(zhong)要(yao)方式，也是國資委依法履行(xing)出(chu)資人職責的(de)重(zhong)要(yao)手段，一(yi)直(zhi)以來，在推動中(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)業(ye)改革發展(zhan)、確保國有資產保值(zhi)增(zeng)值(zhi)方面(mian)發揮(hui)了重(zhong)要(yao)作用(yong)，同(tong)時，工資總(zong)額管理又是關(guan)乎民(min)生福祉(zhi)的(de)重(zhong)要(yao)內容，涉及(ji)中(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)業(ye)廣大(da)干部職工的(de)切身利益，歷來受到(dao)各(ge)方面(mian)的(de)高度關(guan)注。
國(guo)(guo)(guo)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)委(wei)(wei)成立以來(lai)，對完善工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度做了(le)(le)(le)大(da)量積極(ji)有效(xiao)探索，總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)體(ti)上(shang)分(fen)為(wei)三(san)個階(jie)(jie)段。第(di)一階(jie)(jie)段為(wei)承(cheng)(cheng)接起步期，從2003年(nian)至(zhi)2007年(nian)，國(guo)(guo)(guo)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)委(wei)(wei)在(zai)(zai)依法(fa)承(cheng)(cheng)接原勞動保障(zhang)部門對中央企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)監管(guan)(guan)(guan)職(zhi)(zhi)能的(de)基礎上(shang)，從出資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)人的(de)角度，持續(xu)對工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)效(xiao)掛鉤管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)辦(ban)法(fa)進(jin)行改革(ge)(ge)和(he)完善，初步構(gou)建了(le)(le)(le)出資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)人對企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)調(diao)控體(ti)系，在(zai)(zai)促(cu)進(jin)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)經濟效(xiao)益(yi)高速增長的(de)同時，保障(zhang)了(le)(le)(le)職(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)較快提高。第(di)二階(jie)(jie)段是(shi)改革(ge)(ge)突(tu)破(po)期，重(zhong)點(dian)是(shi)探索和(he)建立工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)預(yu)(yu)算(suan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)的(de)體(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)機制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。2008年(nian)國(guo)(guo)(guo)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)委(wei)(wei)在(zai)(zai)部分(fen)重(zhong)點(dian)行業(ye)(ye)啟動了(le)(le)(le)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)預(yu)(yu)算(suan)試(shi)點(dian)，著手(shou)(shou)建立工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)預(yu)(yu)算(suan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度體(ti)系，2010年(nian)、2012年(nian)先后(hou)(hou)印(yin)發了(le)(le)(le)《中央企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)預(yu)(yu)算(suan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)暫(zan)行辦(ban)法(fa)》和(he)《中央企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)預(yu)(yu)算(suan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)暫(zan)行辦(ban)法(fa)實(shi)施(shi)細(xi)則》，2014年(nian)實(shi)現(xian)了(le)(le)(le)中央企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)預(yu)(yu)算(suan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)全覆蓋。這個時期的(de)改革(ge)(ge)突(tu)破(po)，在(zai)(zai)中央企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)構(gou)建起了(le)(le)(le)既符(fu)合現(xian)代企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度，又與(yu)中央企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)實(shi)際相結(jie)合的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)預(yu)(yu)算(suan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度體(ti)系，也為(wei)全國(guo)(guo)(guo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)有企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)全面實(shi)行工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)預(yu)(yu)算(suan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)提供(gong)了(le)(le)(le)可復制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、可推廣的(de)經驗(yan)和(he)改革(ge)(ge)藍本。2014年(nian)以后(hou)(hou)，在(zai)(zai)深(shen)化國(guo)(guo)(guo)企(qi)(qi)改革(ge)(ge)的(de)大(da)背(bei)景下，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)進(jin)入第(di)三(san)階(jie)(jie)段，即持續(xu)深(shen)化期，重(zhong)點(dian)以分(fen)類管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)為(wei)手(shou)(shou)段，制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)定了(le)(le)(le)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)預(yu)(yu)算(suan)備案制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)周期制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)特別獎(jiang)勵等一系列政策(ce)措施(shi)，進(jin)一步增強了(le)(le)(le)職(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)收入分(fen)配調(diao)控的(de)針對性(xing)和(he)有效(xiao)性(xing)，在(zai)(zai)經濟發展(zhan)新常態下，發揮(hui)了(le)(le)(le)助力中央企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)穩(wen)增長、激發和(he)調(diao)動企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)干部職(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)積極(ji)性(xing)的(de)重(zhong)要作用。
黨的(de)(de)十九大站在新(xin)的(de)(de)歷史起點上，明確我國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)經(jing)濟已(yi)經(jing)由高速(su)增(zeng)長(chang)階段(duan)轉(zhuan)向高質(zhi)量(liang)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)階段(duan)，作(zuo)出了貫徹新(xin)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)理念、實(shi)(shi)現高質(zhi)量(liang)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)部署(shu)，提(ti)出了培育具有全(quan)(quan)球競爭力的(de)(de)世界一(yi)流企業(ye)(ye)目(mu)標。按(an)照黨中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央、國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)務院的(de)(de)決(jue)(jue)策部署(shu)，以及(ji)《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央 國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)務院關于(yu)深(shen)化(hua)(hua)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)有企業(ye)(ye)改(gai)(gai)革的(de)(de)指導意見(jian)》（中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)發(fa)(fa)(fa)〔2015〕22號，以下簡(jian)稱中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)發(fa)(fa)(fa)22號文(wen)件）提(ti)出的(de)(de)“建立健全(quan)(quan)與(yu)勞動(dong)力市場基本適應、與(yu)企業(ye)(ye)經(jing)濟效益(yi)和勞動(dong)生(sheng)產率掛鉤(gou)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)決(jue)(jue)定(ding)(ding)和正常增(zeng)長(chang)機(ji)制”，即“一(yi)適應、兩掛鉤(gou)”的(de)(de)總(zong)要(yao)求，人力資(zi)源社(she)會保(bao)障部、財政部、國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)資(zi)委(wei)共同(tong)(tong)研(yan)究起草《關于(yu)改(gai)(gai)革國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)有企業(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)決(jue)(jue)定(ding)(ding)機(ji)制的(de)(de)意見(jian)》（以下簡(jian)稱《意見(jian)》），2018年5月，《意見(jian)》經(jing)由中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央全(quan)(quan)面(mian)深(shen)化(hua)(hua)改(gai)(gai)革委(wei)員會第一(yi)次(ci)會議審議通過，國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)務院正式印發(fa)(fa)(fa)。國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)資(zi)委(wei)作(zuo)為共同(tong)(tong)牽頭(tou)單位，在積極參與(yu)《意見(jian)》制定(ding)(ding)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)同(tong)(tong)時，根(gen)據《意見(jian)》精(jing)神，結合中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央企業(ye)(ye)改(gai)(gai)革發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)際情況，對(dui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央企業(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)總(zong)額管(guan)理制度體系(xi)進(jin)行全(quan)(quan)面(mian)修訂(ding)完(wan)善，同(tong)(tong)步制定(ding)(ding)了《辦(ban)法》。
作為《意見》在(zai)中央(yang)企(qi)業(ye)落地(di)落實的配(pei)套文件制度，在(zai)近兩年的起草制定過(guo)程(cheng)中，國(guo)資委(wei)廣泛(fan)征(zheng)求了(le)各(ge)有(you)關部門、地(di)方國(guo)資委(wei)以及全部中央(yang)企(qi)業(ye)意見，期(qi)間數易其稿，最(zui)終由國(guo)務院(yuan)國(guo)資委(wei)黨委(wei)會和主任辦公會審議通過(guo)，以國(guo)務院(yuan)國(guo)資委(wei)令的形式(shi)正式(shi)公布。
問：制定《辦法》的主要目的和意義是什么。
答：《辦法》是(shi)國資委首次以委令形式公開發布的(de)(de)中央企(qi)業工資總額管理(li)制(zhi)度文件，充分體現(xian)了(le)國資委對這項(xiang)工作的(de)(de)高度重視。制(zhi)定《辦法》的(de)(de)根本目的(de)(de)，是(shi)貫徹(che)落實習(xi)近平新時代中國特色社會主義思想，增(zeng)強中央企(qi)業活力和競爭力，促進中央企(qi)業實現(xian)高質量發展。
中央企(qi)業(ye)(ye)工資(zi)總(zong)額管(guan)理，既要與(yu)國有企(qi)業(ye)(ye)工資(zi)決定機(ji)制改革(ge)的總(zong)體方向(xiang)保持一致，又(you)要充分體現中央企(qi)業(ye)(ye)自身的經營發展特(te)點。此次(ci)出臺的《辦(ban)法(fa)(fa)》，緊扣(kou)《意見(jian)》的精神實(shi)質(zhi)，切實(shi)做到了將出資(zi)人依法(fa)(fa)調控和企(qi)業(ye)(ye)自主分配有機(ji)結合。
一是明確提(ti)出按(an)中(zhong)央企(qi)業(ye)(ye)功能定(ding)位對工(gong)(gong)資總額(e)實(shi)行分(fen)(fen)類(lei)管理。此次改革的重要(yao)創新點(dian)之一就是分(fen)(fen)類(lei)管理，將工(gong)(gong)資總額(e)預(yu)(yu)算(suan)備案制(zhi)管理的實(shi)施范圍(wei)，擴大到全部主業(ye)(ye)處于充分(fen)(fen)競爭行業(ye)(ye)和領域(yu)的商業(ye)(ye)類(lei)中(zhong)央企(qi)業(ye)(ye)，由企(qi)業(ye)(ye)董事(shi)會依法依規自主決定(ding)年度工(gong)(gong)資總額(e)預(yu)(yu)算(suan)，國資委(wei)由事(shi)前核(he)準轉(zhuan)變為事(shi)前引導、事(shi)中(zhong)監測(ce)和事(shi)后監督。
二是明(ming)確提出(chu)了對中央(yang)企(qi)業(ye)工(gong)資總(zong)額實行分級管理。國資委負(fu)責管制(zhi)度、管總(zong)量(liang)、管監督，中央(yang)企(qi)業(ye)負(fu)責管內部(bu)自主分配、管預(yu)算分解落實、管具體操作執(zhi)行，國資委與中央(yang)企(qi)業(ye)權責清晰(xi)、各司其職。
三(san)是(shi)進(jin)(jin)一(yi)步(bu)(bu)完(wan)善中(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)業(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)額(e)與經濟(ji)效(xiao)益(yi)掛鉤(gou)決(jue)(jue)定(ding)(ding)機制(zhi)。《辦法》圍繞建立健(jian)全“一(yi)適應、兩掛鉤(gou)”工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)決(jue)(jue)定(ding)(ding)機制(zhi)的目標要求，進(jin)(jin)行了一(yi)系列重大創新。如(ru)明(ming)確了中(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)業(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)額(e)根據效(xiao)益(yi)決(jue)(jue)定(ding)(ding)，并按照效(xiao)率(lv)調(diao)整(zheng)，進(jin)(jin)一(yi)步(bu)(bu)豐富了工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)與效(xiao)益(yi)掛鉤(gou)的內涵，全面樹立“工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)是(shi)掙出來”的核(he)心(xin)理(li)念。再比如(ru)《辦法》進(jin)(jin)一(yi)步(bu)(bu)簡(jian)化(hua)了出資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)人(ren)(ren)根據國家要求調(diao)控企(qi)業(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)水平的規定(ding)(ding)，突出了出資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)人(ren)(ren)以(yi)管資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)本為主(zhu)加強監管、簡(jian)政(zheng)放(fang)權的管理(li)導(dao)向，釋放(fang)了積(ji)極的改革(ge)信(xin)號。同時，《辦法》還明(ming)確了企(qi)業(ye)同口徑增人(ren)(ren)不增工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)額(e)、減人(ren)(ren)不減工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)額(e)的有關規定(ding)(ding)，鼓勵中(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)業(ye)提高用(yong)人(ren)(ren)效(xiao)率(lv)。
四是進(jin)一步強調深化(hua)企業內(nei)(nei)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)配(pei)制(zhi)度改革。《辦法(fa)》在宏觀(guan)層面(mian)完善國家、企業和職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)三者工(gong)(gong)資分(fen)(fen)配(pei)關(guan)系(xi)的(de)同時，強調企業作為(wei)內(nei)(nei)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)配(pei)的(de)責任主體，應當持續深化(hua)內(nei)(nei)部(bu)(bu)三項(xiang)制(zhi)度改革，構(gou)建形成企業內(nei)(nei)部(bu)(bu)管理人(ren)員(yuan)能上(shang)能下、員(yuan)工(gong)(gong)能進(jin)能出、收入(ru)能增能減的(de)市場化(hua)勞動用工(gong)(gong)和收入(ru)分(fen)(fen)配(pei)管理機制(zhi)，切實(shi)承(cheng)擔起搞好、搞活企業內(nei)(nei)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)配(pei)的(de)職(zhi)責。
五是進(jin)一步強(qiang)調工(gong)資總(zong)額管(guan)理(li)(li)的(de)(de)監督(du)檢查(cha)，明(ming)確(que)(que)(que)界定(ding)企業(ye)的(de)(de)違(wei)規責任(ren)。如明(ming)確(que)(que)(que)對于實施備案制(zhi)管(guan)理(li)(li)的(de)(de)企業(ye)，出現(xian)嚴重違(wei)反國家和國資委關于收入(ru)分配有關規定(ding)的(de)(de)，將其工(gong)資總(zong)額預算管(guan)理(li)(li)方式(shi)由備案制(zhi)調整為核準制(zhi)，確(que)(que)(que)保(bao)做到(dao)權責對等。同時(shi)，《辦法》明(ming)確(que)(que)(que)將企業(ye)工(gong)資總(zong)額管(guan)理(li)(li)情況納(na)入(ru)各(ge)項監督(du)檢查(cha)范(fan)圍(wei)，與審計、巡視(shi)等工(gong)作形成合力，切實保(bao)證監管(guan)到(dao)位(wei)。
總的(de)(de)來(lai)說，《辦法(fa)》較好地(di)體現了中(zhong)發22號文(wen)件的(de)(de)改革要求(qiu)，體現了黨的(de)(de)十九大(da)提出(chu)的(de)(de)堅(jian)持質量第一(yi)、效益優(you)先的(de)(de)發展(zhan)理念，符合此前國有(you)企業改革座談(tan)會提出(chu)強(qiang)化(hua)正向激勵(li)的(de)(de)有(you)關(guan)精神，符合中(zhong)央(yang)關(guan)于簡政放權、“放管(guan)服”的(de)(de)改革要求(qiu)，對促(cu)進中(zhong)央(yang)企業實現高質量發展(zhan)、推動國有(you)資本做強(qiang)做優(you)做大(da)，加快培(pei)育(yu)具(ju)有(you)全球競爭力的(de)(de)世界(jie)一(yi)流企業具(ju)有(you)重要意義。
問：根據新的《辦法》，中央企業職工工資總額具體如何決定？
答：《辦法》緊緊圍繞建立健全“一適(shi)(shi)應(ying)(ying)、兩掛鉤”工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)決定(ding)機(ji)制的(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu)，提出中央企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)總(zong)額預(yu)(yu)算(suan)主(zhu)要(yao)按照效(xiao)益(yi)(yi)(yi)決定(ding)、效(xiao)率(lv)(lv)調(diao)整、水(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)調(diao)控三(san)個環節決定(ding)。一是工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)總(zong)額增長主(zhu)要(yao)與(yu)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)經(jing)濟(ji)效(xiao)益(yi)(yi)(yi)增幅(fu)(fu)掛鉤聯動。《辦法》明(ming)確(que)中央企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)總(zong)額預(yu)(yu)算(suan)與(yu)利潤總(zong)額等經(jing)濟(ji)效(xiao)益(yi)(yi)(yi)指(zhi)標(biao)的(de)(de)(de)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)績(ji)考核目標(biao)值掛鉤，并且根據目標(biao)值的(de)(de)(de)先進(jin)程度(du)(du)確(que)定(ding)不(bu)同的(de)(de)(de)預(yu)(yu)算(suan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)，引導(dao)中央企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)通過(guo)完成高質量發展目標(biao)帶動職工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)總(zong)額合(he)理有(you)序增長。二(er)是工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)總(zong)額增幅(fu)(fu)應(ying)(ying)當根據效(xiao)率(lv)(lv)水(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)進(jin)行適(shi)(shi)度(du)(du)調(diao)整。《辦法》提出工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)增長還應(ying)(ying)當通過(guo)人工(gong)(gong)(gong)成本投入產(chan)(chan)出效(xiao)率(lv)(lv)、勞動生產(chan)(chan)率(lv)(lv)等指(zhi)標(biao)對(dui)(dui)標(biao)進(jin)行調(diao)整，突出引導(dao)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)提高效(xiao)率(lv)(lv)的(de)(de)(de)管理導(dao)向，進(jin)一步協調(diao)不(bu)同效(xiao)率(lv)(lv)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)之間的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)分(fen)配關系，提高企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)總(zong)額決定(ding)機(ji)制的(de)(de)(de)科學性(xing)與(yu)有(you)效(xiao)性(xing)。三(san)是注重(zhong)收(shou)入分(fen)配公平(ping)，國資(zi)委按照國家有(you)關部門發布的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)指(zhi)導(dao)線(xian)和(he)對(dui)(dui)非競爭(zheng)(zheng)類國有(you)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)調(diao)控要(yao)求(qiu)，對(dui)(dui)部分(fen)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)偏高、過(guo)高的(de)(de)(de)行業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)與(yu)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，尤其是主(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)不(bu)屬于充分(fen)競爭(zheng)(zheng)行業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)領域(yu)的(de)(de)(de)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)增長過(guo)快(kuai)的(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況(kuang)進(jin)行適(shi)(shi)當約(yue)束，確(que)保企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)職工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)與(yu)增長幅(fu)(fu)度(du)(du)更加(jia)公平(ping)合(he)理、規范有(you)序。同時(shi)，對(dui)(dui)中央企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)承擔(dan)重(zhong)大專項任務、重(zhong)大科技創新項目等特殊事項的(de)(de)(de)，也明(ming)確(que)要(yao)予(yu)以(yi)適(shi)(shi)度(du)(du)支(zhi)持。
問：分類管理是當前深化國有企業改革的重要手段，《辦法》針對不同功能定位的中央企業采取了哪些差異化的工資總額監管措施。
答：《辦法(fa)》提(ti)(ti)出(chu)按照功能定位(wei)對(dui)(dui)中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總額(e)實(shi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)分(fen)類(lei)管理(li)。一(yi)(yi)是對(dui)(dui)不同功能定位(wei)中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)采取差(cha)(cha)異(yi)化的(de)(de)(de)管理(li)方(fang)式(shi)。對(dui)(dui)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)處(chu)于(yu)(yu)(yu)充分(fen)競爭行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)(he)領域的(de)(de)(de)商業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)類(lei)中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總額(e)預(yu)算原則上全(quan)部實(shi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)備案制管理(li)，由企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)董(dong)事(shi)會(hui)在依法(fa)依規(gui)的(de)(de)(de)前(qian)提(ti)(ti)下(xia)，自主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)決定年度(du)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總額(e)預(yu)算，國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)委由事(shi)前(qian)核準轉變為(wei)事(shi)前(qian)引導、事(shi)中(zhong)監(jian)測和(he)(he)事(shi)后(hou)監(jian)督；對(dui)(dui)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)處(chu)于(yu)(yu)(yu)關系(xi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家安全(quan)、國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)民(min)(min)經濟(ji)(ji)命脈的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)(he)關鍵領域、主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要承擔重(zhong)(zhong)大專項任(ren)務(wu)的(de)(de)(de)商業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)類(lei)中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)(he)以提(ti)(ti)供公(gong)共產品和(he)(he)服務(wu)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)公(gong)益(yi)類(lei)中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總額(e)預(yu)算繼續實(shi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)核準制管理(li)。二是與(yu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)企(qi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)改(gai)(gai)革試點(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作全(quan)面(mian)對(dui)(dui)接(jie)。對(dui)(dui)開展(zhan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)有資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)本投資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、運營(ying)公(gong)司或者混(hun)合所(suo)(suo)有制改(gai)(gai)革等試點(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，提(ti)(ti)出(chu)可(ke)以探索實(shi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)更加靈活(huo)高效的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總額(e)管理(li)方(fang)式(shi)。三是對(dui)(dui)不同功能定位(wei)中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)實(shi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)差(cha)(cha)異(yi)化的(de)(de)(de)決定機制。《辦法(fa)》規(gui)定，中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)可(ke)以根(gen)據功能定位(wei)，在工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總額(e)與(yu)經濟(ji)(ji)效益(yi)匹(pi)配的(de)(de)(de)大原則下(xia)，選取差(cha)(cha)異(yi)化的(de)(de)(de)經濟(ji)(ji)效益(yi)指(zhi)標與(yu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)增長(chang)掛鉤，尤其是對(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)處(chu)于(yu)(yu)(yu)關系(xi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家安全(quan)、國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)民(min)(min)經濟(ji)(ji)命脈的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)(he)關鍵領域、主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要承擔重(zhong)(zhong)大專項任(ren)務(wu)的(de)(de)(de)商業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)類(lei)中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)(he)公(gong)益(yi)類(lei)中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，可(ke)以探索結構化管理(li)方(fang)式(shi)，允許企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)在工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總額(e)中(zhong)自主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)確定一(yi)(yi)定比(bi)例的(de)(de)(de)保障性工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總額(e)，與(yu)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)所(suo)(suo)承擔特殊任(ren)務(wu)和(he)(he)公(gong)益(yi)性業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務(wu)完成情況掛鉤，促(cu)進中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)實(shi)現社會(hui)效益(yi)和(he)(he)經濟(ji)(ji)效益(yi)有機統一(yi)(yi)，更好發揮各類(lei)中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)在經濟(ji)(ji)社會(hui)發展(zhan)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)功能作用(yong)，更好地契合了當(dang)前(qian)分(fen)類(lei)推進國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)有企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)改(gai)(gai)革發展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)總體方(fang)向(xiang)。
問：請介紹國資委下一步的工作安排。
答：《辦法(fa)》于2019年(nian)在中(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)業(ye)全(quan)面施(shi)行(xing)，此(ci)次(ci)對(dui)中(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)業(ye)工(gong)資總額決定機制(zhi)和(he)管理制(zhi)度體系進(jin)行(xing)全(quan)面改革，事(shi)(shi)關中(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)業(ye)改革發展，事(shi)(shi)關廣(guang)大企(qi)業(ye)職(zhi)工(gong)切身利益，事(shi)(shi)關收入(ru)分配(pei)和(he)諧(xie)有序，涉及面廣(guang)、政(zheng)策性強、影(ying)響力(li)大。國資委(wei)將在今后一個時期，采取積極措(cuo)施(shi)，統籌推進(jin)工(gong)作，確(que)保(bao)《辦法(fa)》全(quan)面貫徹(che)落實(shi)。
一是國(guo)資(zi)委將按照《辦法》，全面部署2019年中(zhong)央企業工資(zi)總額預算管理相關工作。
二是加快相關配(pei)套文件的(de)正式出臺。包括《辦法(fa)》中工資(zi)決定機(ji)制(zhi)的(de)具(ju)體(ti)(ti)實施(shi)規程、備案制(zhi)管(guan)理實施(shi)方(fang)(fang)案、周期制(zhi)管(guan)理實施(shi)方(fang)(fang)案以(yi)及工資(zi)管(guan)理特殊事(shi)項清單(dan)等，將盡快研究出臺完整的(de)工資(zi)管(guan)理政策(ce)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)，以(yi)利(li)企業執(zhi)行。
三是加大(da)政策(ce)宣貫和培訓力(li)度。國資委將組(zu)織系列面向中央(yang)企(qi)(qi)業的政策(ce)培訓，通過政策(ce)宣講、專家(jia)解讀、專題培訓等(deng)多種形式，確保各(ge)中央(yang)企(qi)(qi)業準(zhun)確把握《辦法》精神(shen)實質，并推動中央(yang)企(qi)(qi)業制(zhi)定和完善本企(qi)(qi)業的工資總額管理(li)制(zhi)度體系。
四是(shi)協同推進工(gong)(gong)資分(fen)配(pei)相(xiang)關配(pei)套改革(ge)(ge)。2019年，國資委將進一步深(shen)入推進中央企(qi)(qi)業內部三項制(zhi)度改革(ge)(ge)工(gong)(gong)作，加(jia)快推進企(qi)(qi)業建(jian)立健全市場化勞動用(yong)工(gong)(gong)和收(shou)入分(fen)配(pei)管理(li)機制(zhi)，持續增強企(qi)(qi)業活力(li)(li)與競(jing)爭(zheng)力(li)(li)。同時，在(zai)加(jia)大出資人授(shou)權(quan)改革(ge)(ge)的(de)同時，加(jia)強對(dui)中央企(qi)(qi)業工(gong)(gong)資分(fen)配(pei)合(he)規性的(de)監督(du)檢(jian)查(cha)，強化事中監測和事后監督(du)，確保(bao)權(quan)力(li)(li)放得下、接(jie)得住。
【責任編輯：李瑛】