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近日，國(guo)(guo)務(wu)(wu)院國(guo)(guo)資委(wei)(wei)發布(bu)了《中央(yang)企業工資總額管理辦(ban)法》（國(guo)(guo)資委(wei)(wei)令第39號，以下(xia)簡稱《辦(ban)法》）。《辦(ban)法》出臺后，國(guo)(guo)務(wu)(wu)院國(guo)(guo)資委(wei)(wei)有關負(fu)責同志接受了記者采訪。

問：請介紹《辦法》的起草背景。

答：中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)業工(gong)資(zi)總(zong)額管理是(shi)調節(jie)國(guo)(guo)家、企(qi)業、職工(gong)三者利益關系的重要方(fang)式，也是(shi)國(guo)(guo)資(zi)委依(yi)法履行(xing)出資(zi)人(ren)職責的重要手段(duan)，一直以來(lai)，在(zai)推動中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)業改革發展、確保(bao)國(guo)(guo)有資(zi)產保(bao)值增值方(fang)面(mian)發揮了重要作用，同時，工(gong)資(zi)總(zong)額管理又是(shi)關乎(hu)民(min)生福祉的重要內容，涉及(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)企(qi)業廣(guang)大(da)干部職工(gong)的切身利益，歷(li)來(lai)受(shou)到各方(fang)面(mian)的高(gao)度關注。

國(guo)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)委成立(li)以(yi)(yi)來，對(dui)完善(shan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)做了(le)(le)(le)(le)大(da)(da)量積極有(you)效(xiao)(xiao)探索，總(zong)(zong)體(ti)上(shang)分(fen)為(wei)(wei)三個階(jie)(jie)段。第(di)一階(jie)(jie)段為(wei)(wei)承(cheng)接(jie)起步期，從2003年(nian)至(zhi)2007年(nian)，國(guo)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)委在依法承(cheng)接(jie)原勞動保障(zhang)(zhang)部(bu)門(men)對(dui)中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)監管(guan)(guan)(guan)職(zhi)能的(de)(de)基礎(chu)上(shang)，從出(chu)(chu)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)人(ren)的(de)(de)角度(du)，持續對(dui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)效(xiao)(xiao)掛鉤管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)辦法進(jin)行(xing)(xing)改革和(he)(he)完善(shan)，初步構建(jian)(jian)了(le)(le)(le)(le)出(chu)(chu)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)人(ren)對(dui)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)調控(kong)體(ti)系，在促進(jin)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)經濟效(xiao)(xiao)益高(gao)速增(zeng)(zeng)長的(de)(de)同時，保障(zhang)(zhang)了(le)(le)(le)(le)職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)較快提高(gao)。第(di)二階(jie)(jie)段是改革突破期，重點(dian)(dian)是探索和(he)(he)建(jian)(jian)立(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)預(yu)(yu)算(suan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)體(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)機制(zhi)(zhi)。2008年(nian)國(guo)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)委在部(bu)分(fen)重點(dian)(dian)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)啟動了(le)(le)(le)(le)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)預(yu)(yu)算(suan)試點(dian)(dian)，著手(shou)建(jian)(jian)立(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)預(yu)(yu)算(suan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)體(ti)系，2010年(nian)、2012年(nian)先后印發(fa)(fa)了(le)(le)(le)(le)《中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)預(yu)(yu)算(suan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)暫行(xing)(xing)辦法》和(he)(he)《中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)預(yu)(yu)算(suan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)暫行(xing)(xing)辦法實(shi)(shi)施細則》，2014年(nian)實(shi)(shi)現(xian)了(le)(le)(le)(le)中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)預(yu)(yu)算(suan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)全覆蓋。這個時期的(de)(de)改革突破，在中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)構建(jian)(jian)起了(le)(le)(le)(le)既符(fu)合現(xian)代企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)，又(you)與(yu)中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)實(shi)(shi)際相(xiang)結(jie)合的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)預(yu)(yu)算(suan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)體(ti)系，也為(wei)(wei)全國(guo)國(guo)有(you)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)全面實(shi)(shi)行(xing)(xing)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)預(yu)(yu)算(suan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)提供了(le)(le)(le)(le)可(ke)復制(zhi)(zhi)、可(ke)推廣的(de)(de)經驗和(he)(he)改革藍本。2014年(nian)以(yi)(yi)后，在深化(hua)國(guo)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)改革的(de)(de)大(da)(da)背景下(xia)(xia)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)進(jin)入第(di)三階(jie)(jie)段，即持續深化(hua)期，重點(dian)(dian)以(yi)(yi)分(fen)類管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)為(wei)(wei)手(shou)段，制(zhi)(zhi)定了(le)(le)(le)(le)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)預(yu)(yu)算(suan)備案(an)制(zhi)(zhi)周期制(zhi)(zhi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)(e)特別獎勵(li)等(deng)一系列政策措施，進(jin)一步增(zeng)(zeng)強(qiang)了(le)(le)(le)(le)職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)收(shou)入分(fen)配調控(kong)的(de)(de)針對(dui)性和(he)(he)有(you)效(xiao)(xiao)性，在經濟發(fa)(fa)展新常態下(xia)(xia)，發(fa)(fa)揮了(le)(le)(le)(le)助力中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)穩增(zeng)(zeng)長、激發(fa)(fa)和(he)(he)調動企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)干部(bu)職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)積極性的(de)(de)重要作用。

黨的(de)(de)十九(jiu)大站在(zai)新的(de)(de)歷史(shi)起(qi)點上，明確我(wo)國(guo)經濟已經由(you)高速增長階段(duan)轉向高質量發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)階段(duan)，作出了貫徹新發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)理念、實(shi)現高質量發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)部(bu)(bu)署，提出了培育(yu)具有全(quan)(quan)球(qiu)競爭力(li)的(de)(de)世(shi)界一流企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)目標。按照黨中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)、國(guo)務院(yuan)的(de)(de)決(jue)策(ce)部(bu)(bu)署，以及《中(zhong)共中(zhong)央(yang)(yang) 國(guo)務院(yuan)關于深化(hua)國(guo)有企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)改(gai)(gai)革(ge)的(de)(de)指導意(yi)(yi)見(jian)》（中(zhong)發(fa)(fa)(fa)〔2015〕22號，以下簡(jian)(jian)稱中(zhong)發(fa)(fa)(fa)22號文件）提出的(de)(de)“建立(li)健(jian)全(quan)(quan)與勞(lao)動力(li)市場基本適應、與企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)經濟效益和勞(lao)動生產率(lv)掛鉤(gou)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資決(jue)定(ding)和正常增長機(ji)(ji)制”，即“一適應、兩掛鉤(gou)”的(de)(de)總要求，人力(li)資源社會保障部(bu)(bu)、財政(zheng)部(bu)(bu)、國(guo)資委(wei)共同(tong)(tong)研究(jiu)起(qi)草《關于改(gai)(gai)革(ge)國(guo)有企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資決(jue)定(ding)機(ji)(ji)制的(de)(de)意(yi)(yi)見(jian)》（以下簡(jian)(jian)稱《意(yi)(yi)見(jian)》），2018年5月，《意(yi)(yi)見(jian)》經由(you)中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)全(quan)(quan)面(mian)(mian)深化(hua)改(gai)(gai)革(ge)委(wei)員會第一次會議審議通過，國(guo)務院(yuan)正式印發(fa)(fa)(fa)。國(guo)資委(wei)作為共同(tong)(tong)牽頭(tou)單位(wei)，在(zai)積(ji)極參與《意(yi)(yi)見(jian)》制定(ding)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作的(de)(de)同(tong)(tong)時，根(gen)據《意(yi)(yi)見(jian)》精(jing)神，結合中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)改(gai)(gai)革(ge)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)實(shi)際情況，對(dui)中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資總額管理制度(du)體系進(jin)行全(quan)(quan)面(mian)(mian)修訂(ding)完善，同(tong)(tong)步制定(ding)了《辦(ban)法》。

作為《意(yi)見》在中(zhong)央企業落地落實的配套文件制度，在近兩年(nian)的起(qi)草制定過程中(zhong)，國(guo)資(zi)(zi)委(wei)廣泛征求了各有(you)關部門、地方國(guo)資(zi)(zi)委(wei)以(yi)(yi)及全部中(zhong)央企業意(yi)見，期間數易(yi)其稿，最(zui)終由國(guo)務(wu)院國(guo)資(zi)(zi)委(wei)黨委(wei)會(hui)和主任辦公會(hui)審議通過，以(yi)(yi)國(guo)務(wu)院國(guo)資(zi)(zi)委(wei)令的形式正式公布。

問：制定《辦法》的主要目的和意義是什么。

答：《辦法》是國(guo)資(zi)委首次以委令(ling)形式公開發布的(de)(de)中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企(qi)業(ye)工資(zi)總額管(guan)理制度文件(jian)，充分體現了國(guo)資(zi)委對這項(xiang)工作的(de)(de)高度重視。制定《辦法》的(de)(de)根本目的(de)(de)，是貫徹落實習近(jin)平新時代中(zhong)國(guo)特色社會(hui)主義思想，增(zeng)強中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企(qi)業(ye)活力(li)和(he)競爭力(li)，促進中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企(qi)業(ye)實現高質量發展。

中央企(qi)業(ye)工(gong)(gong)資總額管(guan)理，既要(yao)與國(guo)有企(qi)業(ye)工(gong)(gong)資決(jue)定機(ji)制(zhi)改革的總體(ti)方向(xiang)保持一致，又要(yao)充分體(ti)現中央企(qi)業(ye)自身的經營(ying)發(fa)展特點(dian)。此(ci)次出臺的《辦法》，緊扣《意見》的精(jing)神實質，切實做到了將出資人依(yi)法調控和企(qi)業(ye)自主分配有機(ji)結合。

一是明確(que)提出按中央(yang)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)功能定位對工(gong)資(zi)(zi)總額(e)實行分類(lei)管理(li)。此次改革的重要創新點之一就是分類(lei)管理(li)，將工(gong)資(zi)(zi)總額(e)預算(suan)備案制管理(li)的實施范圍，擴(kuo)大到全部主(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)處于(yu)充分競爭行業(ye)(ye)(ye)和領域的商業(ye)(ye)(ye)類(lei)中央(yang)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)，由企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)董事會依法依規自(zi)主(zhu)決定年度工(gong)資(zi)(zi)總額(e)預算(suan)，國(guo)資(zi)(zi)委由事前核(he)準轉變(bian)為事前引導、事中監測(ce)和事后(hou)監督。

二是(shi)明確提出了(le)對中(zhong)央(yang)企業工資(zi)總(zong)額實行分級管理。國(guo)資(zi)委(wei)負責管制度(du)、管總(zong)量、管監督，中(zhong)央(yang)企業負責管內部自主分配、管預算分解落實、管具(ju)體操作(zuo)執行，國(guo)資(zi)委(wei)與中(zhong)央(yang)企業權責清晰、各司其職。

三是(shi)進(jin)一步(bu)完善中央(yang)企(qi)業工(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)額(e)與經濟效(xiao)益掛鉤決(jue)定機制(zhi)。《辦法(fa)》圍繞建立(li)健全“一適應、兩(liang)掛鉤”工(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)決(jue)定機制(zhi)的目標要(yao)求(qiu)，進(jin)行了(le)(le)一系(xi)列(lie)重大創新。如(ru)明確了(le)(le)中央(yang)企(qi)業工(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)額(e)根據(ju)效(xiao)益決(jue)定，并按照效(xiao)率調(diao)整，進(jin)一步(bu)豐富了(le)(le)工(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)與效(xiao)益掛鉤的內涵，全面(mian)樹立(li)“工(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)是(shi)掙出(chu)(chu)來(lai)”的核心(xin)理念。再(zai)比如(ru)《辦法(fa)》進(jin)一步(bu)簡化了(le)(le)出(chu)(chu)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)人(ren)根據(ju)國家(jia)要(yao)求(qiu)調(diao)控企(qi)業工(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)水平(ping)的規定，突(tu)出(chu)(chu)了(le)(le)出(chu)(chu)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)人(ren)以管(guan)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)本為主加強監管(guan)、簡政放權(quan)的管(guan)理導(dao)向，釋放了(le)(le)積極的改(gai)革信號。同(tong)時(shi)，《辦法(fa)》還明確了(le)(le)企(qi)業同(tong)口徑增(zeng)人(ren)不(bu)增(zeng)工(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)額(e)、減(jian)人(ren)不(bu)減(jian)工(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)總(zong)額(e)的有關規定，鼓勵中央(yang)企(qi)業提高用人(ren)效(xiao)率。

四是進(jin)(jin)一(yi)步強(qiang)調深化(hua)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)內(nei)部分(fen)配(pei)(pei)制度改革(ge)。《辦法》在(zai)宏觀層面完善(shan)國家、企(qi)業(ye)(ye)和職(zhi)工(gong)三者工(gong)資分(fen)配(pei)(pei)關系的同時(shi)，強(qiang)調企(qi)業(ye)(ye)作為內(nei)部分(fen)配(pei)(pei)的責任(ren)主體，應當持續深化(hua)內(nei)部三項制度改革(ge)，構建形成(cheng)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)內(nei)部管理人員能上能下(xia)、員工(gong)能進(jin)(jin)能出、收入能增能減的市場(chang)化(hua)勞(lao)動用工(gong)和收入分(fen)配(pei)(pei)管理機制，切實承擔起搞(gao)(gao)好、搞(gao)(gao)活(huo)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)內(nei)部分(fen)配(pei)(pei)的職(zhi)責。

五是進一步(bu)強(qiang)調工(gong)資總額管(guan)(guan)理(li)的監督檢查，明確(que)(que)界定企業(ye)的違(wei)規(gui)責(ze)任。如明確(que)(que)對于實施備案制管(guan)(guan)理(li)的企業(ye)，出(chu)現(xian)嚴重違(wei)反國家和國資委關(guan)(guan)于收入(ru)(ru)分配(pei)有(you)關(guan)(guan)規(gui)定的，將其(qi)工(gong)資總額預算管(guan)(guan)理(li)方式由備案制調整為核準制，確(que)(que)保(bao)做到權(quan)責(ze)對等。同時，《辦法》明確(que)(que)將企業(ye)工(gong)資總額管(guan)(guan)理(li)情況納入(ru)(ru)各項監督檢查范圍(wei)，與審計(ji)、巡視(shi)等工(gong)作形成合(he)力，切實保(bao)證監管(guan)(guan)到位。

總的(de)來說(shuo)，《辦(ban)法》較(jiao)好地體(ti)現(xian)了(le)中(zhong)(zhong)發22號文件的(de)改革要求，體(ti)現(xian)了(le)黨的(de)十九大提出的(de)堅持質量第(di)一、效益優先的(de)發展(zhan)理(li)念，符(fu)合(he)此前(qian)國有企業改革座談會提出強化正向激(ji)勵(li)的(de)有關(guan)精(jing)神，符(fu)合(he)中(zhong)(zhong)央關(guan)于簡政放權、“放管服”的(de)改革要求，對促進中(zhong)(zhong)央企業實現(xian)高(gao)質量發展(zhan)、推動國有資本(ben)做(zuo)(zuo)強做(zuo)(zuo)優做(zuo)(zuo)大，加快培育(yu)具有全(quan)球競爭力的(de)世界一流企業具有重要意義。

問：根據新的《辦法》，中央企業職工工資總額具體如何決定？

答：《辦(ban)法(fa)》緊緊圍(wei)繞建立(li)健全“一(yi)適(shi)(shi)應(ying)、兩掛鉤(gou)”工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)決定機制(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求，提(ti)出中央(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)總額(e)(e)預(yu)算主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)按照效(xiao)(xiao)益決定、效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)調(diao)整、水平(ping)調(diao)控三個環節決定。一(yi)是工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)總額(e)(e)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)與(yu)(yu)(yu)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)經濟效(xiao)(xiao)益增(zeng)(zeng)幅(fu)(fu)掛鉤(gou)聯(lian)動(dong)。《辦(ban)法(fa)》明確(que)中央(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)總額(e)(e)預(yu)算與(yu)(yu)(yu)利(li)潤(run)總額(e)(e)等(deng)經濟效(xiao)(xiao)益指(zhi)(zhi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)業(ye)績考核目(mu)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)值(zhi)掛鉤(gou)，并(bing)且根據目(mu)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)值(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)先進(jin)(jin)程度(du)確(que)定不(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)預(yu)算水平(ping)，引(yin)(yin)導中央(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)通過完(wan)成高(gao)(gao)(gao)質量發展目(mu)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)帶動(dong)職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)總額(e)(e)合(he)理(li)有(you)序增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)。二是工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)總額(e)(e)增(zeng)(zeng)幅(fu)(fu)應(ying)當(dang)根據效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)水平(ping)進(jin)(jin)行適(shi)(shi)度(du)調(diao)整。《辦(ban)法(fa)》提(ti)出工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)還應(ying)當(dang)通過人工(gong)(gong)(gong)成本投(tou)入(ru)產出效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)、勞動(dong)生產率(lv)等(deng)指(zhi)(zhi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)對(dui)(dui)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)進(jin)(jin)行調(diao)整，突出引(yin)(yin)導企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)提(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管理(li)導向，進(jin)(jin)一(yi)步協調(diao)不(bu)同(tong)效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)之(zhi)間的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)分(fen)配關(guan)系，提(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)總額(e)(e)決定機制(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)科學性與(yu)(yu)(yu)有(you)效(xiao)(xiao)性。三是注重收入(ru)分(fen)配公平(ping)，國資(zi)(zi)(zi)委按照國家有(you)關(guan)部(bu)門發布的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)指(zhi)(zhi)導線和(he)對(dui)(dui)非競爭類國有(you)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)調(diao)控要(yao)(yao)求，對(dui)(dui)部(bu)分(fen)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)水平(ping)偏(pian)高(gao)(gao)(gao)、過高(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)行業(ye)與(yu)(yu)(yu)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)，尤其是主(zhu)業(ye)不(bu)屬于充(chong)分(fen)競爭行業(ye)和(he)領(ling)域(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)過快的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情況進(jin)(jin)行適(shi)(shi)當(dang)約(yue)束，確(que)保企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)職(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水平(ping)與(yu)(yu)(yu)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)幅(fu)(fu)度(du)更加(jia)公平(ping)合(he)理(li)、規范有(you)序。同(tong)時(shi)，對(dui)(dui)中央(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)承(cheng)擔重大(da)專項任務、重大(da)科技創新項目(mu)等(deng)特殊事項的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，也明確(que)要(yao)(yao)予以適(shi)(shi)度(du)支持。

問：分類管理是當前深化國有企業改革的重要手段，《辦法》針對不同功能定位的中央企業采取了哪些差異化的工資總額監管措施。

答：《辦法(fa)》提出(chu)按照功能(neng)(neng)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)對(dui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)實(shi)(shi)行(xing)(xing)分(fen)類(lei)(lei)管理(li)。一是(shi)對(dui)不同功能(neng)(neng)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)采取差異(yi)(yi)化(hua)的(de)管理(li)方式(shi)。對(dui)主(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)處(chu)于充分(fen)競爭行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)(he)領(ling)域(yu)的(de)商業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)類(lei)(lei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)預(yu)算原(yuan)則上(shang)全(quan)部實(shi)(shi)行(xing)(xing)備案制管理(li)，由企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)董事(shi)(shi)會(hui)在(zai)(zai)依法(fa)依規的(de)前提下，自主(zhu)決(jue)定(ding)(ding)年度工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)預(yu)算，國(guo)資(zi)委由事(shi)(shi)前核準(zhun)轉變為事(shi)(shi)前引導、事(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)監(jian)測和(he)(he)事(shi)(shi)后(hou)監(jian)督；對(dui)主(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)處(chu)于關(guan)系(xi)國(guo)家安全(quan)、國(guo)民經(jing)濟(ji)命脈(mo)的(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)(he)關(guan)鍵(jian)領(ling)域(yu)、主(zhu)要承(cheng)(cheng)擔重(zhong)(zhong)大(da)專項(xiang)任務的(de)商業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)類(lei)(lei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)(he)以提供公共產品和(he)(he)服務為主(zhu)的(de)公益(yi)(yi)類(lei)(lei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)預(yu)算繼續實(shi)(shi)行(xing)(xing)核準(zhun)制管理(li)。二是(shi)與國(guo)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)國(guo)資(zi)改(gai)(gai)革(ge)試(shi)(shi)點工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)全(quan)面對(dui)接。對(dui)開展(zhan)國(guo)有(you)資(zi)本投資(zi)、運營(ying)公司或者混合所有(you)制改(gai)(gai)革(ge)等試(shi)(shi)點的(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，提出(chu)可以探(tan)索(suo)實(shi)(shi)行(xing)(xing)更加靈活(huo)高效(xiao)的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)管理(li)方式(shi)。三是(shi)對(dui)不同功能(neng)(neng)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)實(shi)(shi)行(xing)(xing)差異(yi)(yi)化(hua)的(de)決(jue)定(ding)(ding)機制。《辦法(fa)》規定(ding)(ding)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)可以根據功能(neng)(neng)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)，在(zai)(zai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)與經(jing)濟(ji)效(xiao)益(yi)(yi)匹配的(de)大(da)原(yuan)則下，選取差異(yi)(yi)化(hua)的(de)經(jing)濟(ji)效(xiao)益(yi)(yi)指標與工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)增長掛(gua)鉤，尤其是(shi)對(dui)于主(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)處(chu)于關(guan)系(xi)國(guo)家安全(quan)、國(guo)民經(jing)濟(ji)命脈(mo)的(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)(he)關(guan)鍵(jian)領(ling)域(yu)、主(zhu)要承(cheng)(cheng)擔重(zhong)(zhong)大(da)專項(xiang)任務的(de)商業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)類(lei)(lei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)(he)公益(yi)(yi)類(lei)(lei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，可以探(tan)索(suo)結構化(hua)管理(li)方式(shi)，允許企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)在(zai)(zai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)自主(zhu)確定(ding)(ding)一定(ding)(ding)比例的(de)保(bao)障性工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)總(zong)(zong)額(e)(e)，與企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)所承(cheng)(cheng)擔特(te)殊任務和(he)(he)公益(yi)(yi)性業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)務完成(cheng)情況掛(gua)鉤，促進(jin)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)實(shi)(shi)現社會(hui)效(xiao)益(yi)(yi)和(he)(he)經(jing)濟(ji)效(xiao)益(yi)(yi)有(you)機統一，更好發(fa)揮各類(lei)(lei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)在(zai)(zai)經(jing)濟(ji)社會(hui)發(fa)展(zhan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)功能(neng)(neng)作(zuo)用，更好地契合了當前分(fen)類(lei)(lei)推進(jin)國(guo)有(you)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)改(gai)(gai)革(ge)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)總(zong)(zong)體(ti)方向。

問：請介紹國資委下一步的工作安排。

答：《辦(ban)法》于2019年(nian)在中央(yang)企(qi)業全(quan)面(mian)施(shi)行(xing)，此次對中央(yang)企(qi)業工資(zi)總(zong)額決(jue)定機制(zhi)和管(guan)理制(zhi)度體(ti)系進(jin)行(xing)全(quan)面(mian)改革(ge)，事(shi)關中央(yang)企(qi)業改革(ge)發展，事(shi)關廣(guang)大(da)企(qi)業職(zhi)工切身利(li)益，事(shi)關收入分配和諧有序，涉及面(mian)廣(guang)、政策性強(qiang)、影響力大(da)。國資(zi)委將(jiang)在今后(hou)一個時期，采取積極措(cuo)施(shi)，統籌推(tui)進(jin)工作，確保《辦(ban)法》全(quan)面(mian)貫徹落實(shi)。

一是國資委將按(an)照《辦法(fa)》，全面部署(shu)2019年中央企業(ye)工資總額預(yu)算管理相關工作。

二(er)是加快(kuai)相(xiang)關配套文件的正式出臺。包括《辦法(fa)》中工(gong)資決定機制(zhi)的具體實(shi)施(shi)規程、備案制(zhi)管(guan)理(li)實(shi)施(shi)方(fang)案、周期(qi)制(zhi)管(guan)理(li)實(shi)施(shi)方(fang)案以(yi)及工(gong)資管(guan)理(li)特殊事項清單等，將盡快(kuai)研究出臺完整的工(gong)資管(guan)理(li)政策體系，以(yi)利企業執(zhi)行。

三是加大政策宣貫和培訓(xun)力度。國資(zi)委將組(zu)織系(xi)列(lie)面向中央企(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)政策培訓(xun)，通過政策宣講、專(zhuan)家解讀、專(zhuan)題培訓(xun)等(deng)多種形式(shi)，確保各(ge)中央企(qi)業(ye)(ye)準確把握《辦法》精神實(shi)質(zhi)，并推動中央企(qi)業(ye)(ye)制定和完(wan)善本企(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)工(gong)資(zi)總額管(guan)理制度體系(xi)。

四是協同(tong)推進工資(zi)(zi)(zi)分(fen)配(pei)(pei)相(xiang)關配(pei)(pei)套改(gai)革(ge)(ge)。2019年，國資(zi)(zi)(zi)委(wei)將(jiang)進一(yi)步深入推進中(zhong)央企業內部三項(xiang)制(zhi)度改(gai)革(ge)(ge)工作，加(jia)快推進企業建立健全(quan)市場(chang)化勞動用(yong)工和收入分(fen)配(pei)(pei)管理機(ji)制(zhi)，持續增強企業活(huo)力與(yu)競爭力。同(tong)時(shi)，在加(jia)大出(chu)資(zi)(zi)(zi)人授權改(gai)革(ge)(ge)的同(tong)時(shi)，加(jia)強對中(zhong)央企業工資(zi)(zi)(zi)分(fen)配(pei)(pei)合規性(xing)的監督(du)檢(jian)查，強化事中(zhong)監測和事后監督(du)，確保權力放得(de)下、接(jie)得(de)住。

【責任編輯：李瑛】